Pneumonia classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Pneumonia can be classified in [[community-acquired pneumonia]] (CAP), healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), [[ventilator-associated pneumonia]] (VAP), and [[hospital-acquired pneumonia]] (HAP) according to the setting in which the infection took place. Other classifications include typical and atypical pneumonia, based on the presentation; and bacterial, viral, and fungal, based on the causative pathogen. | Pneumonia can be classified in [[community-acquired pneumonia]] (CAP), healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), [[ventilator-associated pneumonia]] (VAP), and [[hospital-acquired pneumonia]] (HAP) according to the setting in which the infection took place. Other classifications include typical and [[atypical pneumonia]], based on the presentation; and [[bacterial pneumonia|bacterial]], [[viral pneumonia|viral]], and [[fungal pneumonia|fungal]], based on the causative pathogen. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Revision as of 19:06, 9 December 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Overview
Pneumonia can be classified in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) according to the setting in which the infection took place. Other classifications include typical and atypical pneumonia, based on the presentation; and bacterial, viral, and fungal, based on the causative pathogen.
Classification
Pneumonia can be classified according to the location of infection, either in the community or nosocomial. The following are the 4 categories described by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and American Thoracic Society:[1][2]
- Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP)
Pneumonia can also be classified as typical or atypical pneumonia, depending on the clinical manifestations, chest X-ray findings, and the pathogen that causes the infection.
| Typical Pneumonia | Atypical Pneumonia | |
|---|---|---|
| Common Pathogens | ||
| Common Findings |
Classification of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias[3]
Major idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia
- Respiratory bronchiolitis–interstitial lung disease
- Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
- Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
- Acute interstitial pneumonia
Rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
- Idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
- Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis
Unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonia
References
- ↑ Mandell, L. A.; Wunderink, R. G.; Anzueto, A.; Bartlett, J. G.; Campbell, G. D.; Dean, N. C.; Dowell, S. F.; File, T. M.; Musher, D. M.; Niederman, M. S.; Torres, A.; Whitney, C. G. (2007). "Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (Supplement 2): S27–S72. doi:10.1086/511159. ISSN 1058-4838.
- ↑ "Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired, Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 171 (4): 388–416. 2005. doi:10.1164/rccm.200405-644ST. ISSN 1073-449X.
- ↑ Travis, William D.; Costabel, Ulrich; Hansell, David M.; King, Talmadge E.; Lynch, David A.; Nicholson, Andrew G.; Ryerson, Christopher J.; Ryu, Jay H.; Selman, Moisés; Wells, Athol U.; Behr, Jurgen; Bouros, Demosthenes; Brown, Kevin K.; Colby, Thomas V.; Collard, Harold R.; Cordeiro, Carlos Robalo; Cottin, Vincent; Crestani, Bruno; Drent, Marjolein; Dudden, Rosalind F.; Egan, Jim; Flaherty, Kevin; Hogaboam, Cory; Inoue, Yoshikazu; Johkoh, Takeshi; Kim, Dong Soon; Kitaichi, Masanori; Loyd, James; Martinez, Fernando J.; Myers, Jeffrey; Protzko, Shandra; Raghu, Ganesh; Richeldi, Luca; Sverzellati, Nicola; Swigris, Jeffrey; Valeyre, Dominique (2013). "An Official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Statement: Update of the International Multidisciplinary Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 188 (6): 733–748. doi:10.1164/rccm.201308-1483ST. ISSN 1073-449X.