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*[[Anthracosis]]
*[[Anthracosis]]
*[[Antifreeze]]
*[[Antifreeze]]
*[[Aotic arch defects]]
*[[aortic arch anomalies|Aotic arch defects]]
*[[Aortic coarctation]]
*[[Aortic coarctation]]
*[[Aortic stenosis]]
*[[Aortic stenosis]]

Revision as of 20:13, 26 January 2015

Cyanosis Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cyanosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

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Diagnostic Study of Choice

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Case #1

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Cyanosis causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Aberrant subclavian artery abnormality , Acrocyanosis, Air embolism, Aotic arches defects, Atrial myxoma, Cassirer disease, Complicated ventricular septal defect, Congenitally uncorrected transposition of the great arteries, Cor biloculare, Cor triatrium, Coronary artery anomaly, Critical valvular aortic stenosis, Crocq disease, Deep vein thrombosis, Double outlet right ventricle, Ebstein anomaly, Eisenmenger syndrome, Erythrocyanosis, Heart attack, Heart failure, HLHC, Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, Hypovolemia, Interrupted aortic arch, Isolated ventriculoarterial discordance, Ivemark syndrome, Meadow's syndrome, Mitral atresia in infants, Myocardial infarction, Ostium primum atrial septal defect, Partial atrioventricular canal, Patent ductus arteriosus, Patent foramen ovale, Peripartum cardiomyopathy, Peripheral vascular disease, Phlegmasia alba dolens, Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas, Pulmonary atresia, Pulmonary stenosis, Pulmonary venous return anomaly, Respiratory muscle paralysis, Right ventricle hypoplasia, Shock, Sneddon syndrome, Subpulmonary stenosis, Superior vena cava syndrome, TAPVC, Taussig Bing syndrome, Tetralogy of Fallot, Total anomalous pulmonary venous congestion, Transposition of the great arteries, Tricuspid atresia, Tricuspid stenosis, Truncus arteriosus, Twisted atrioventricular connections, Vascular malposition, Vein of Galen aneurysm, Ventriculoarterial discordance with atrioventricular concordance, Weinstein Kliman Scully syndrome, Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, Pulmonary embolism
Chemical / poisoning Acrodynia, Anchovy , Apple seed, Apricot seed, Bitter almond poisoning, Carbamates, Chronic mercury exposure, Clupeotoxin, Cyanide, Herring poisoning, Hydrogen sulfide, Lantana poisoning, Lead, Organophosphates, Sea snake venom, Silicosis , Silver, Silver iodide, Silver nitrate, Stachybotrys chartarum exposure
Dermatologic Chromhidrosis
Drug Side Effect Acetaminophen and hydrocodone, Acetaminophen and propoxyphene, Amiodarone, Beta blockers, Chloroquine, Codeine, Dapsone, Desmopressin, Dilaudid, Heroin, Hydrocodone, Lortab, Meperidine, Methadone, Metoclopramide, Morphine, Nitrates, Nitroglycerin, Pentamidine Isethionate, Phenothiazines, Pramipexole, Primaquine , Sulfonamides
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Hypoadrenalism, Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage, Type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism
Environmental Insect sting allergy, Acrodynia, Chronic mercury exposure, Silicosis , Anthracosis, Asbestosis, Berylliosis, Pneumoconiosis, Shaver's disease, Silicosiderosis, Silicosis
Gastroenterologic Cirrhosis of liver, Ivemark syndrome
Genetic Acrofacial dysostosis, Rodriguez type, Adams–Oliver syndrome, Al Gazali-Aziz-Salem syndrome, Anophthalmia - pulmonary hypoplasia, Bindewald-Ulmer-Muller syndrome, Congenital cyanosis, Cystic fibrosis, DiGeorge syndrome, Matthew-Wood syndrome, MCOPS9, Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 1 , Pierre Robin's syndrome, Sakati–Nyhan–Tisdale syndrome, Short stature - webbed neck - heart disease, Shprintzen syndorme, Syndromic microphthalmia type 9, Type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism, Velocardiofacial syndrome, Polycythemia vera, Vaquez disease, HMG-CoA lyase deficiency, Surfactant metabolism dysfunction
Hematologic Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia , Methemoglobinemia, Osler-Vaquez disease, Polycythemia vera, Sulfhemoglobinemia, Vaquez disease
Iatrogenic Iatrogenic pneumothorax , Mendelson's syndrome
Infectious Disease Bronchiectasis, Croup, Legionnaires disease, Lung abscess, Streptococcal Group B invasive disease , Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Western equine encephalitis, Whooping cough, Pneumonia, Acute histoplasmosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Diaphragmatic paralysis , Lethal chondrodysplasia Moerman type , Micrognathia, Retrognathia, Lsaacs' syndrome, Neuromyotonia
Neurologic Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, Intracranial hemorrhage, Lsaacs' syndrome, Neuromyotonia, Tonic-clonic seizures, Sneddon syndrome, Diaphragmatic paralysis
Nutritional / Metabolic HMG-CoA lyase deficiency, Hypoglycemia, Hypomagnesemia, Weinstein Kliman Scully syndrome
Obstetric/Gynecologic Meadow's syndrome, Peripartum cardiomyopathy, Birth asphyxia, Meconium aspiration, Transient tachypnea of the newborn
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic Sneddon syndrome
Overdose / Toxicity Iron, Acetaminophen and hydrocodone, Acetaminophen and propoxyphene, Amiodarone, Beta blockers, Chloroquine, Codeine, Dapsone, Dilaudid, Heroin, Hydrocodone, Lortab, Meperidine, Methadone, Metoclopramide, Morphine, Nitrates, Nitroglycerin, Phenothiazines, Primaquine , Sulfonamides, Acetaminophen and hydrocodone, Morphine
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Acute histoplasmosis, Acute interstitial pneumonitis, Airway obstruction , Alveolar capillary dysplasia , Anthracosis, Asbestosis, Berylliosis, Birth asphyxia, Bronchiolitis, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Bronchospasm, Choanal atresia, Chronic bronchitis, Cold exposure, Congenital laryngomalacia, Decreased oxygen saturation , Emphysema, Epiglottitis, Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Familial interstitial fibrosis , Familial Pulmonary Capillary Hemangiomatosis, Fibrosing alveolitis, Goodpasture syndrome, Hamman-Rich syndrome , Hemothorax, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Idiopathic diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, Idiopathic subglottic tracheal stenosis , Infantile apnea, Laryngeal cleft, Meconium aspiration, Obstructive sleep apnea, Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, Pleural effusion, [, Pneumoconiosis, Pneumonia, Pneumothorax, Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, Pulmonary edema, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary hemorrhage, Pulmonary hypertension, Respiratory depression, Respiratory distress syndrome, Sarcoidosis, Sepsis, Severe asthma, Severe COPD, Shallow breathing, Shaver's disease, Silicosiderosis, Silicosis, Spontaneous pneumothorax, Suffocation, Surfactant metabolism dysfunction, Tracheal agenesis without tracheoesophageal fistula, Tracheal stenosis syndromes, Tracheoesophageal fistula with out esophageal fistula, Transient tachypnea of the newborn, Unilateral pulmonary agenesis, Unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia, Vascular rings, Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas, Pierre Robin's syndrome, Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia , Croup, Whooping cough
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Lupus, Raynaud's phenomenon, Insect sting allergy, Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Sarcoidosis
Sexual Weinstein Kliman Scully syndrome
Trauma Drowning, Flial chest, Head trauma, Penetrating chest wound, Shaken baby syndrome
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Dehydration, High altitude, Hypothermia, Immobility, Mountain sickness, Pseudocyanosis, Sudden infant death syndrome, Suffocation

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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