Dilated cardiomyopathy resident survival guide: Difference between revisions
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{{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | |}} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | C01 | |C01=<div style="text-align: left;"><b><u>History and symptpms:</u></b><br> | {{familytree | | | | | | | | C01 | |C01=<div style="text-align: left;"><b><u>History and symptpms:</u></b><br> | ||
❑ Hints for etiology (family history, and others) | ❑ Hints for etiology (family history, and others) | ||
❑ Duration and onset of illness | ❑ Duration and onset of illness | ||
❑ Severity and triggers of dyspnea and fatigue, presence of chest pain, exercise capacity, physical activity, sexual activity (NYHA?) | ❑ Severity and triggers of dyspnea and fatigue, presence of chest pain, exercise capacity, physical activity, sexual activity (NYHA?) | ||
❑ Weight loss/weight gain (cachexia/volume overload?) | ❑ Weight loss/weight gain (cachexia/volume overload?) | ||
❑ Palpitations/(pre)syncope/ICD shocks(adverse prognosis) | ❑ Palpitations/(pre)syncope/ICD shocks(adverse prognosis) | ||
❑ Symptoms of transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism (anticoagulation necessary?) | ❑ Symptoms of transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism (anticoagulation necessary?) | ||
❑ Presence of peripheral edema or ascites (volume overload?) | ❑ Presence of peripheral edema or ascites (volume overload?) | ||
❑ Problems with breathing at night/ sleep | ❑ Problems with breathing at night/ sleep | ||
❑ Medical history: | |||
:❑ Prior hospitalizations for HF (adverse prognosis?) | |||
:❑ Discontinuation of medications (reasons?) | |||
❑ | :❑ Medications that may exacerbate HF | ||
❑ Diet (restriction of sodium and fluid intake?)</div>}} | |||
❑ </div>}} | |||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | D01 | |D01=A01}} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | D01 | |D01=A01}} | ||
{{familytree | | | | | | | | E01 | |E01=A01}} | {{familytree | | | | | | | | E01 | |E01=A01}} | ||
Revision as of 15:40, 5 March 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Steven Bellm, M.D. [2]
| Dilated cardiomyopathy resident survival guide Microchapters |
|---|
| Overview |
| Causes |
| Diagnosis |
| Treatment |
| Do's |
| Dont's |
Overview
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) relates to a group of heterogeneous myocardial disorders and is characterized by dilatation and impaired contraction and systolic function of the left or both ventricles. Atrial and/or ventricular arrhythmias can occcur, and there is a risk for sudden death. [1] The weight of the heart is increased but the maximal thicknesses of the left ventricular free wall and septum are usually normal as a result of the abnormally dilated chambers.[2]
Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.[3]
- Life-threatening causes:
- Common causes:
- Idiopathic
- Myocarditis
- Ischemic heart disease
- Infiltrative disease
- Peripartum cardiomyopathy
- Hypertension
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- Connective tissue disease
- Substance abuse
- Doxorubicin
- Other
Complete Diagnostic Approach
A complete diagnostic approach should be carried out after a focused initial rapid evaluation is conducted and following initiation of any urgent intervention.[4]
| Symptoms of heart failure | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History and symptpms: ❑ Hints for etiology (family history, and others) ❑ Duration and onset of illness ❑ Severity and triggers of dyspnea and fatigue, presence of chest pain, exercise capacity, physical activity, sexual activity (NYHA?) ❑ Weight loss/weight gain (cachexia/volume overload?) ❑ Palpitations/(pre)syncope/ICD shocks(adverse prognosis) ❑ Symptoms of transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism (anticoagulation necessary?) ❑ Presence of peripheral edema or ascites (volume overload?) ❑ Problems with breathing at night/ sleep ❑ Medical history:
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Treatment
shown
hidden
Do's
Dont's
References
- ↑ "Report of the WHO/ISFC task force on the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies". Br Heart J. 44 (6): 672–3. 1980. PMC 482464. PMID 7459150.
- ↑ Tazelaar HD, Billingham ME (1986). "Leukocytic infiltrates in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. A source of confusion with active myocarditis". Am J Surg Pathol. 10 (6): 405–12. PMID 3521345.
- ↑ Felker GM, Thompson RE, Hare JM, Hruban RH, Clemetson DE, Howard DL; et al. (2000). "Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy". N Engl J Med. 342 (15): 1077–84. doi:10.1056/NEJM200004133421502. PMID 10760308.
- ↑ Yancy, C. W.; Jessup, M.; Bozkurt, B.; Butler, J.; Casey, D. E.; Drazner, M. H.; Fonarow, G. C.; Geraci, S. A.; Horwich, T.; Januzzi, J. L.; Johnson, M. R.; Kasper, E. K.; Levy, W. C.; Masoudi, F. A.; McBride, P. E.; McMurray, J. J. V.; Mitchell, J. E.; Peterson, P. N.; Riegel, B.; Sam, F.; Stevenson, L. W.; Tang, W. H. W.; Tsai, E. J.; Wilkoff, B. L. (2013). "2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines". Circulation. 128 (16): e240–e327. doi:10.1161/CIR.0b013e31829e8776. ISSN 0009-7322.