Pancytopenia: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 19:15, 11 March 2015

Pancytopenia is not equivalent with bone marrow suppression. Pancytopenia is a lab finding that may related to either bone marrow suppression or peripheral sequestration/destruction. For details about bone marrow suppression click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Pancytopenia is the reduction in numbers of all three bone marrow cell types (RBCs + WBCs + platelets). It is not a disease, but rather a lab finding that may related to 1) bone marrow suppression caused by either insufficient production (aplastic anemia), inability of cells or mature (myelodysplasia), or replacement of normal bone marrow with fibrosis (myelofibrosis) or 2) peripheral sequestration/destruction that is not related to the bone marrow (e.g. splenomegaly or hypersplenism). HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is itself a cause for pancytopenia. Chemotherapy is associated with pancytopenia. Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

3

Causes by Pathophysiology

Bone Marrow Failure

Insufficient production (aplastic anemia)
Inability of cells or mature (myelodysplasia)
Replacement of normal bone marrow with fibrosis (myelofibrosis)

Peripheral Sequestration/Destruction

Causes by Mode of Inheritance

Congenital

Acquired

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Das Makheja K, Kumar Maheshwari B, Arain S, Kumar S, Kumari S (2013). "The common causes leading to pancytopenia in patients presenting to tertiary care hospital". Pak J Med Sci. 29 (5): 1108–11. PMC 3858928. PMID 24353701.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid24353701-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Das Makheja K, Kumar Maheshwari B, Arain S, Kumar S, Kumari S (2013). "The common causes leading to pancytopenia in patients presenting to tertiary care hospital". Pak J Med Sci. 29 (5): 1108–11. PMC 3858928. PMID 24353701.

[1]

@@ Line 140: / Line 140: @@
 ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
+{{columns-list|3|
+*[[Acetaminophen and Oxycodone]]
+*[[Aclarubicin]]
+*[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
+*[[Acute myeloid leukemia]]
+*[[Aggressive NK-cell leukemia]]
+*[[Albendazole]]
+*[[Albers-Schonberg disease]]
+*[[Alemtuzumab]]
+*[[Alkylating antineoplastic agent]]
+*[[Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia ]]
+*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
+*[[Anorexia nervosa]]
+*[[Aplastic anemia]]
+*[[Arsenic poisoning]]
+*[[Arsenicals]]
+*[[Ataxia telangiectasia]]
+*[[Auranofin]]
+*[[Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 1]]
+*[[Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2]]
+*[[Azathioprine]]
+*[[Aztreonam]]
+*[[Babesiosis]]
+*[[Banti's syndrome]]
+*[[benzene|Benzene solvents]]
+*[[isotopes of phosphorus|Radioactive p32]]
+*[[Bleeding (Excessive)]]
+*[[Bloom syndrome ]]
+*[[Boceprevir]]
+*[[bone marrow disorders|Bone marrow tumor]]
+*[[Brucellosis]]
+*[[Busulfan]]
+*[[Cancer]]
+*[[Carbamazepine]]
+*[[Carboplatin]]
+*[[Cartilage-hair hypoplasia]]
+*[[Castleman's disease]]
+*[[Cefadroxil]]
+*[[Ceftazidime]]
+*[[Certolizumab pegol]]
+*[[Chediak-Higashi disease]]
+*[[Chemotherapy]]
+*[[Chloramphenicol]]
+*[[Chlorpromazine]]
+*[[Chlorpropamide]]
+*[[Chondrosarcoma]]
+*[[Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia]]
+*[[Chronic myeloid leukaemia]]
+*[[Cidofovir]]
+*[[Cirrhosis]]
+*[[Clomipramine]]
+*[[Colchicine toxicity]]
+*[[common variable immunodeficiency|Common variable hypogammaglobulinemia]]
+*[[Common variable immune deficiency]]
+*[[Copper deficiency]]
+*[[Cyclical neutropenia]]
+*[[Cyclophosphamide]]
+*[[Cytotoxic drugs]]
+*[[Dactinomycin]]
+*[[Dengue]]
+*[[Diamond-Blackfan anemia]]
+*[[DNA repair-deficiency disorder]]
+*[[Docetaxel]]
+*[[Down syndrome ]]
+*[[Doxorubicin]]
+*[[Dubowitz syndrome]]
+*[[Dyskeratosis congenita]]
+*[[Eosinophilic fasciitis ]]
+*[[tumors|Epiphyseal tumors]]
+*[[Epstein-Barr virus ]]
+*[[Ethosuximide]]
+*[[Ewing's sarcoma]]
+*[[Familial histiocytic reticulosis]]
+*[[monosomy|Familial monosomy 7]]
+*[[myelofibrosis|Familial myelofibrosis]]
+*[[Fanconi anemia]]
+*[[Febuxostat]]
+*[[Felty's syndrome]]
+*[[Flucytosine]]
+*[[Folate deficiency]]
+*[[Gaucher's disease]]
+*[[Gemcitabine]]
+*[[Gemifloxacin mesylate]]
+*[[genotoxicity|Genotoxic therapy]]
+*[[Germ cell tumors ]]
+*[[solvent|Glue vapors]]
+*[[glutathione synthase|Glutathione synthase deficiency]]
+*[[Gold]]
+*[[Graft versus host disease]]
+*[[Granuloma]]
+*[[Hairy cell leukemia]]
+*[[Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]]
+*[[Hemoglobin E disease]]
+*[[Hemoglobin H disease]]
+*[[Hemoglobin SC disease]]
+*[[Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ]]
+*[[Hepatitis]]
+*[[Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma]]
+*[[Histiocytosis X]]
+*[[Hodgkin's lymphoma]]
+*[[dyskerin|Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome]]
+*[[Human immunodeficiency virus ]]
+*[[Hypersplenism]]
+*[[myelodysplastic syndrome|Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndromes]]
+*[[Idarubicin]]
+*[[Idiopathic]]
+*[[Auto-immune disorders]]
+*[[Indomethacin ]]
+*[[erythropoiesis|Ineffective erythropoiesis]]
+*[[Infectious mononucleosis]]
+*[[Infliximab]]
+*[[Interferon beta- 1a]]
+*[[lymphangiectasia|Intestinal lymphangiectasia]]
+*[[intrinsic factor|Intrinsic factor deficiency]]
+*[[Iron deficiency]]
+*[[Kala-azar]]
+*[[Kikuchi disease]]
+*[[Kwashiorkor]]
+*[[Langerhans cell histiocytosis]]
+*[[Lassa fever]]
+*[[Legionella pneumophila]]
+*[[leucoerythroblastic|Leucoerythroblastic anemia]]
+*[[Leukemia]]
+*[[Lincomycin hydrochloride]]
+*[[Lymphoma]]
+*[[Malabsorption syndrome]]
+*[[Malignant histiocytosis]]
+*[[Marasmus]]
+*[[Megaloblastic anemia]]
+*[[Melanoma]]
+*[[Metastatic neoplasm]]
+*[[Minocycline hydrochloride]]
+*[[mutagen|Mutagen exposure]]
+*[[mutagen|Mutagen-detoxification (GSTq1-null)]]
+*[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
+*[[Myelodysplastic syndrome]]
+*[[Myelofibrosis]]
+*[[Myeloma]]
+*[[myelophthisis|Myelopathic anemia]]
+*[[Neuroblastoma]]
+*[[Neurofibromatosis 1]]
+*[[Niemann-Pick disease]]
+*[[Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ]]
+*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
+*[[Obesity]]
+*[[Ofatumumab]]
+*[[Omacetaxine]]
+*[[Osteoclastoma]]
+*[[osteopetrosis|Osteopetrosis lethal]]
+*[[osteopetrosis|Osteopetrosis, autosomal recessive 2]]
+*[[Osteoporosis]]
+*[[Osteosarcoma]]
+*[[Oxaprozin]]
+*[[Oxcarbazepine]]
+*[[Panhypopituitarism]]
+*[[Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria]]
+*[[Parvovirus B19 infection]]
+*[[Pearson syndrome]]
+*[[Penicillamine]]
+*[[Pernicious anemia]]
+*[[Phenacemide ]]
+*[[Phenylbutazone]]
+*[[Piperacillin]]
+*[[Plummer-Vinson syndrome]]
+*[[Portal hypertension]]
+*[[Pralatrexate]]
+*[[Precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma]]
+*[[Pregnancy ]]
+*[[Propylthiouracil]]
+*[[Prostate cancer]]
+*[[Pyrimethamine]]
+*[[Q fever]]
+*[[Rabeprazole]]
+*[[Radiation therapy]]
+*[[Radium chloride]]
+*[[Renal failure, chronic]]
+*Reticular dysgenesis
+*[[Reticulosis]]
+*[[Rheumatoid disease]]
+*[[Sarcoidosis]]
+*[[Schwachman-Diamond syndrome]]
+*[[Severe combined immunodeficiency]]
+*[[Sickle cell disease]]
+*[[Splenomegaly]]
+*[[Sulfonamides ]]
+*[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
+*[[Tamoxifen]]
+*[[TAR syndrome]]
+*[[T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia]]
+*[[Temozolomide]]
+*[[Thiothixene]]
+*[[Thymoma]]
+*[[Thyroid carcinoma]]
+*[[Tobacco use]]
+*[[Tolazamide]]
+*[[Tolbutamide]]
+*[[type II topoisomerase|Topoisomerase II interactive agents]]
+*[[Toxins]]
+*[[Trifluoperazine]]
+*[[Trimethadione]]
+*[[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]
+*[[Trisomy 8 mosaicism]]
+*[[Tuberculosis]]
+*[[Valganciclovir hydrochloride]]
+*[[valproic acid|Valproic acid poisoning]]
+*[[Viral infections]]
+*[[Vitamin B12 deficiency]]
+*[[Vitamin C deficiency]]
+*[[Whipple's disease]]
+*[[Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome]]
+*[[Xeroderma pigmentosum]]
+}}
 ===Causes by Pathophysiology===