|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| ===Meningitis, bacteria===
| |
|
| |
|
| :*Streptococcus pneumoniae (adult)
| |
| ::*Penicillin MIC
| |
| :::*<0.1 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 24 mU 6 times per day {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 4-6g qid
| |
| :::*0.1–1.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Cefepime]] 6g tid {{or}} [[meropenem]] 6g tid
| |
| :::*≥2.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid {{and}} [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid {{and}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
| ::*Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone MIC ≥1.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid {{and}} [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid {{and}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
|
| |
| :*Streptococcus pneumoniae (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Penicillin MIC
| |
| :::*<0.1 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 0.15 mU/kg tid/bid for 0-7 days neonates; 0.2 mU/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 0.3 mU/kg 4-6 times per day for children {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 25 mg/kg OD for 0-7 days neonates; 50 mg/kg bid/OD for 8-28 days neonates; 75–100 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| :::*0.1–1.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Cefepime]] 150 mg/kg tid for children {{or}} [[meropenem]] 120 mg/kg tid for children
| |
| :::*≥2.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children {{and}} [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children {{and}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
| ::*Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone MIC ≥1.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children {{and}} [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children {{and}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
|
| |
| :*Neisseria meningitidis (adult)
| |
| ::*Penicillin MIC
| |
| :::*<0.1 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 24 mU 6 times per day {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 4-6g qid
| |
| :::*0.1–1.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[chloramphenicol]] 4-6g qid {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[meropenem]] 6g tid
| |
|
| |
| :*Neisseria meningitidis (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Penicillin MIC
| |
| :::*<0.1 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 0.15 mU/kg tid/bid for 0-7 days neonates; 0.2 mU/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 0.3 mU/kg 4-6 times per day for children {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| :::*0.1–1.0 μg/mL
| |
| ::::* Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| ::::* Alternative regimen: [[chloramphenicol]] 25 mg/kg OD for 0-7 days neonates; 50 mg/kg bid/OD for 8-28 days neonates; 75–100 mg/kg qid for children {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[meropenem]] 120 mg/kg tid for children
| |
|
| |
| :*Listeria monocytogenes (adult)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 24 mU 6 times per day {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] 10–20 mg/kg bid-qid {{or]} [[meropenem]] 6g tid
| |
|
| |
| :*Listeria monocytogenes (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 0.15 mU/kg tid/bid for 0-7 days neonates; 0.2 mU/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 0.3 mU/kg 4-6 times per day for children {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]10–20 mg/kg bid-qid for children {{or]} [[meropenem]] 120 mg/kg tid for children
| |
|
| |
| :*Streptococcus agalactiae (adult)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 24 mU 6 times per day {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
|
| |
| :*Streptococcus agalactiae (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Penicillin G]] 0.15 mU/kg tid/bid for 0-7 days neonates; 0.2 mU/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 0.3 mU/kg 4-6 times per day for children {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
|
| |
| :*Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae (adult)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Aztreonam]] 6–8 g tid/qid {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[meropenem]] 6g tid {{or}} [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] 10–20 mg/kg bid-qid {{or]} [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day
| |
|
| |
| :*Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriaceae (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[meropenem]] 120 mg/kg tid for children {{or}} [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]10–20 mg/kg bid-qid for children {{or}} [[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children
| |
|
| |
| :*Pseudomonas aeruginosa (adult)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Cefepime]] 6g tid {{or}} [[ceftazidime]] 6g tid
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Aztreonam]] 6–8 g tid/qid {{or}} [[ciprofloxacin]] 800–1200 mg bid/tid {or}} [[meropenem]] 6g tid
| |
|
| |
| :*Pseudomonas aeruginosa (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Cefepime]] 150 mg/kg tid for children {{or}} [[ceftazidime]] 100–150 mg/kg tid/bid for 0-7 days neonates; 150 mg/kg tid for 8-28 days neonates; 150 mg/kg tid for children
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[meropenem]] 120 mg/kg tid for children
| |
|
| |
| :*Haemophilus influenzae (adult)
| |
| ::*β-Lactamase negative
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day {{or}} [[Cefepime]] 6g tid {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 4-6g qid {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
| ::*β-Lactamase positive
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 4g bid/OD {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 8-12g 4-6 times per day
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Cefepime]] 6g tid {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 4-6g qid {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
|
| |
| :*Haemophilus influenzae (pediatric)
| |
| ::*β-Lactamase negative
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen:[[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children {{or}} [[Cefepime]] 150 mg/kg tid for children {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 25 mg/kg OD for 0-7 days neonates; 50 mg/kg bid/OD for 8-28 days neonates; 75–100 mg/kg qid for children {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
| ::*β-Lactamase positive
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Ceftriaxone]] 80–100 mg/kg bid/OD for children {{or}} [[cefotaxime]] 100–150 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 225–300 mg/kg tid/qid for children
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Cefepime]] 150 mg/kg tid for children {{or}} [[chloramphenicol]] 25 mg/kg OD for 0-7 days neonates; 50 mg/kg bid/OD for 8-28 days neonates; 75–100 mg/kg qid for children {{or}} [[Gatifloxacin]] 400 mg OD {{or}} [[moxifloxacin]] 400 mg OD
| |
|
| |
| :*Staphylococcus aureus (adult)
| |
| ::*Methicillin susceptible
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Nafcillin]] 9–12 g 6 times per day {{or}} [[oxacillin]] 9–12 g 6 times per day
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid {{or}} [[meropenem]] 6g tid
| |
| ::*Methicillin resistant
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] 10–20 mg/kg bid-qid {{or}} [[linezolid]]
| |
|
| |
| :*Staphylococcus aureus (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Methicillin susceptible
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Nafcillin]] 75 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 100–150 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 200 mg/kg qid for children {{or}} [[oxacillin]] 75 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 150–200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 200 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children {{or}} [[meropenem]] 120 mg/kg tid for children
| |
| ::*Methicillin resistant
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| :::*Alternative regimen: [[Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]] 10–20 mg/kg bid-qid for children {{or}} [[linezolid]]
| |
|
| |
| :*Staphylococcus epidermidis (adult)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Linezolid]]
| |
|
| |
| :*Staphylococcus epidermidis (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children
| |
| ::*Alternative regimen: [[Linezolid]]
| |
|
| |
| :*Enterococcus species (adult)
| |
| ::*Ampicillin susceptible
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[ampicillin]] 12g 6 times per day {{and}} [[gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg tid
| |
| ::*Ampicillin resistant
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg tid/bid {{and}} [[gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg tid
| |
| ::*Ampicillin and vancomycin resistant
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Linezolid]]
| |
|
| |
| :*Enterococcus species (pediatric)
| |
| ::*Ampicillin susceptible
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[ampicillin]] 150 mg/kg tid for 0-7 days neonates; 200 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 300 mg/kg qid for children {{and}} [[gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg bid for 0-7 days neonates; 7.5 mg/kg tid for 8-28 days neonates; 7.5 mg/kg tid for children
| |
| ::*Ampicillin resistant
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg bid/tid for 0-7 days neonates; 30–45 mg/kg tid/qid for 8-28 days neonates; 60 mg/kg qid for children {{and}} [[gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg bid for 0-7 days neonates; 7.5 mg/kg tid for 8-28 days neonates; 7.5 mg/kg tid for children
| |
| ::*Ampicillin and vancomycin resistant
| |
| :::*Preferred regimen: [[Linezolid]]
| |
|
| |
| ----
| |
|
| |
| ==References==
| |
| {{reflist|2}}
| |