Bronchiectasis risk factors

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Overview

There are some congenital and acquired conditions that cause inflammation and increased mucus secretion/accumulation of the airways. This repeated cycle leads to the increased risk of bronchiectasis.

Bronchiectasis Risk Factors

• Cystic Fibrosis

• Due to ciliary dysfunction, the mucous secretion accumulates in the airways. This leads to increased infection and damage to the airways.

• Primary ciliary dyskinesia
• Childhood infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, measles, whooping cough, adenovirus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae.

• These infections damage the airways, which leads to more infections.

• Retained foreign object

• This prevents mucus from clearing from the airway.

• Exposure to chemical irritants.

• This leads to inflammation and mucous secretion.

• Connective tissue disease

• This leads to pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation of the airways, and "traction" bronchiectasis.

• Immunodeficiencies

• There are increased infections and mucus secretion.

• Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

• The allergic reaction to the fungus aspergillus causes inflammation of the airways, repeated infections, and accumulation of mucus.