Bronchiectasis risk factors

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Overview

There are some congenital and acquired conditions that cause inflammation and increased mucus secretion/accumulation of the airways. This repeated cycle leads to the increased risk of bronchiectasis.

Bronchiectasis Risk Factors

• Cystic Fibrosis

• Due to ciliary dysfunction, the mucous secretion accumulates in the airways. This leads to increased infection and damage to the airways.

• Primary ciliary dyskinesia

• Due to ciliary dysfunction, the mucous secretion accumulates in the airways. This leads to increased infection and damage to the airways.

• Childhood infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, measles, whooping cough, adenovirus, and mycoplasma pneumoniae.

• These infections damage the airways, which leads to more infections.

• Retained foreign object

• This prevents mucus from clearing from the airway.

• Exposure to chemical irritants.

• This leads to inflammation and mucous secretion.

• Connective tissue disease

• This leads to pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation of the airways, and "traction" bronchiectasis.

• Immunodeficiencies

• There are increased infections and mucus secretion.

• Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA)

• The allergic reaction to the fungus aspergillus causes inflammation of the airways, repeated infections, and accumulation of mucus.

Risk	Factor Description
Cystic fibrosis	Due to ciliary dysfunction, the mucous secretion accumulates in the airways. This leads to increased infection and damage to the airways.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia	Due to ciliary dysfunction, the mucous secretion accumulates in the airways. This leads to increased infection and damage to the airways.
Childhood infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, measles, whooping cough, adenovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae	These infections damage the airways, which leads to more infections
Retained foreign object	This prevents mucus from clearing from the airway
Exposure to chemical irritants	This leads to inflammation and mucous secretion
Connective tissue disease	This leads to pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation of the airways, and traction bronchiectasis
Immunodeficiencies	There are increased infections and mucus secretion
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA)	The allergic reaction to the fungus aspergillus causes inflammation of the airways, repeated infections, and accumulation of mucus