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====Bacteria – Gram-Positive Cocci==== | ====Bacteria – Gram-Positive Cocci==== | ||
{{pathogen|Enterococcus faecalis}} | {{pathogen|Enterococcus faecalis}} | ||
::*Bacteremia<ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref> | |||
:::*[[Ampicillin]] or [[Penicillin]] susceptible : [[Ampicillin]] 2 g IV q4-6h {{or}} ([[Ampicillin]] {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 1 mg/kg q8h). | |||
:::*[[Ampicillin]] resistant and [[vancomycin]] susceptible or [[Penicillin]] allergy : ([[Vancomycin]] 15 mg/kg IV q12h {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 1 mg/kg q8h) {{or}} [[Linezolid]] 600 mg q12h {{or}} [[Daptomycin]] 6 mg/kg per day. | |||
:::*[[Ampicillin]] and [[Vancomycin]] resistant : [[Linezolid]] 600 mg q12h {{or}} [[Daptomycin]] 6 mg/kg IV per day | |||
::*Endocarditis in Adults <ref name="Baddour-2005">{{Cite journal | last1 = Baddour | first1 = LM. | last2 = Wilson | first2 = WR. | last3 = Bayer | first3 = AS. | last4 = Fowler | first4 = VG. | last5 = Bolger | first5 = AF. | last6 = Levison | first6 = ME. | last7 = Ferrieri | first7 = P. | last8 = Gerber | first8 = MA. | last9 = Tani | first9 = LY. | title = Infective endocarditis: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Councils on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, American Heart Association: endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. | journal = Circulation | volume = 111 | issue = 23 | pages = e394-434 | month = Jun | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.165564 | PMID = 15956145 }}</ref> | |||
:::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Gentamicin]], and [[Vancomycin]] | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin|Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for 4–6weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin G|Aqueous crystalline penicillin G sodium]] 18–30 MU/day IV for 4–6weeks) {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6 weeks | |||
::::*'''Note : In case of native valve endocarditis, 4-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms of illness ≤3 months and 6-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms >3 months and prosthetic valve or other prosthetic cardiac material a minimum of 6 wk of therapy recommended ''' | |||
::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6 weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
:::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Streptomycin]], and [[Vancomycin]] and Resistant to [[Gentamicin]] | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for 4–6 weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin G|Aqueous crystalline penicillin G sodium]] 24 MU/day IV for 4–6weeks){{and}} [[Streptomycin|Streptomycin sulfate]] 15 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6weeks | |||
::::*Alternate regimen: [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV 6weeks {{and}} [[Streptomycin|Streptomycin sulfate]] 15 mg/kg per 24 h IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
:::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]] and Susceptible to [[Aminoglycoside]] and [[Vancomycin]] | |||
::::*β Lactamase–producing strain | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : [[Ampicillin-sulbactam]] 12 g/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM 6weeks | |||
::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
::::*Intrinsic penicillin resistance : [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin|Gentamicin sulfate]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
:::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]], [[Aminoglycoside]], and [[Vancomycin]] | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Imipenem]] {{or}} [[Cilastatin]] 2 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks {{and}} [[Ampicillin|Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks) {{or}} ([[Ceftriaxone sodium]] 4 g/day IV/IM for ≥ 8weeks {{and}} [[ampicillin|Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks) | |||
::*Endocarditis in Pediatrics | |||
:::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Gentamicin]], and [[Vancomycin]] | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin]] 300,000U/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks) {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg per 24 h IV/IM 4–6 weeks | |||
::::*'''Note : In case of native valve endocarditis, 4-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms of illness ≤3 months and 6-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms >3 months and prosthetic valve or other prosthetic cardiac material a minimum of 6 wk of therapy recommended ''' | |||
::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin]] 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
:::*Strains Susceptible to [[Penicillin]], [[Streptomycin]], and [[Vancomycin]] and Resistant to [[Gentamicin]] | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : ([[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks {{or}} [[Penicillin]] 300,000 U/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks) {{and}} [[Streptomycin]] 20–30 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6 weeks | |||
::::*Alternate regimen: [[Vancomycin|Vancomycin hydrochloride]] 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Streptomycin|Streptomycin sulfate]] 15 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
:::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]] and Susceptible to [[Aminoglycoside]] and [[Vancomycin]] | |||
::::*β Lactamase–producing strain | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : [[Ampicillin-sulbactam]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
::::*Alternate regimen : [[Vancomycin]] 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
::::*Intrinsic penicillin resistance : [[Vancomycin]] 40 mg/kg/day IV {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks | |||
:::*Strains Resistant to [[Penicillin]], [[Aminoglycoside]], and [[Vancomycin]] | |||
::::*Preferred regimen : [[Imipenem]]/[[cilastatin]] 60–100 mg/kg/day IV for ≥ 8weeks {{and}} [[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IVfor ≥ 8weeks | |||
::::*Alternate regimen : [[Ceftriaxone]] 100 mg/kg/day IV/IM {{and}} [[Ampicillin]] 300 mg/kg/day IV for ≥ 8weeks | |||
::*Meningitis<ref name="pmid15494903">{{vcite2 journal |vauthors=Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, et al. |title=Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=39 |issue=9 |pages=1267–84 |year=2004 |pmid=15494903 |doi=10.1086/425368 |url= |issn=}}</ref> | |||
:::*[[Ampicillin]] susceptible | |||
::::*Preferred regimen: [[Ampicillin]] 12 g/day IV q4h {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg/day IV q8h | |||
:::*[[Ampicillin]] resistant | |||
::::*Preferred regimen: [[Vancomycin]] 30–45 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h {{and}} [[Gentamicin]] 5 mg/kg/day IV q8h | |||
:::*[[Ampicillin]] and vancomycin resistant | |||
::::*Preferred regimen: [[Linezolid]] 600 mg IV q12h | |||
::*Urinary tract infections <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref> | |||
:::*Preferred regimen : [[Nitrofurantoin]] 100 mg PO q6h for 5 days {{or}} [[Fosfomycin]] 3 g PO single dose {{or}} [[Amoxicillin]] 875 mg-1 g PO q12h for 5 days | |||
::*Intra abdominal or Wound infections <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref> | |||
:::*[[Penicillin]] or [[Ampicillin]] are preferred agents, [[Vancomycin]] in setting of [[penicillin]] allergy or high-level [[penicillin]] resistance. | |||
:::*For complicated skin-skin structure and intra-abdominal infection : [[Tigecycline]] 100 mg IV single dose and 50 mg IV q12h | |||
{{pathogen|Enterococcus faecium}} | {{pathogen|Enterococcus faecium}} | ||
{{pathogen|Staphylococcus aureus}} | {{pathogen|Staphylococcus aureus}} | ||
Revision as of 13:48, 30 June 2015
WikiDoc Infectious Disease Project — Pathogen-Based Infections
Pathogens of Public Health Significance
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3Pathogens of Clinical Significance
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3The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3Bacteria – Gram-Positive Cocci
- Bacteremia[1]
- Ampicillin or Penicillin susceptible : Ampicillin 2 g IV q4-6h OR (Ampicillin AND Gentamicin 1 mg/kg q8h).
- Ampicillin resistant and vancomycin susceptible or Penicillin allergy : (Vancomycin 15 mg/kg IV q12h AND Gentamicin 1 mg/kg q8h) OR Linezolid 600 mg q12h OR Daptomycin 6 mg/kg per day.
- Ampicillin and Vancomycin resistant : Linezolid 600 mg q12h OR Daptomycin 6 mg/kg IV per day
- Endocarditis in Adults [2]
- Strains Susceptible to Penicillin, Gentamicin, and Vancomycin
- Preferred regimen : (Ampicillin 12 g/day IV for 4–6weeks OR Aqueous crystalline penicillin G sodium 18–30 MU/day IV for 4–6weeks) AND Gentamicin sulfate 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6 weeks
- Note : In case of native valve endocarditis, 4-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms of illness ≤3 months and 6-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms >3 months and prosthetic valve or other prosthetic cardiac material a minimum of 6 wk of therapy recommended
- Alternate regimen : Vancomycin hydrochloride 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6 weeks AND Gentamicin sulfate 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Strains Susceptible to Penicillin, Streptomycin, and Vancomycin and Resistant to Gentamicin
- Preferred regimen : (Ampicillin 12 g/day IV for 4–6 weeks OR Aqueous crystalline penicillin G sodium 24 MU/day IV for 4–6weeks)AND Streptomycin sulfate 15 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6weeks
- Alternate regimen: Vancomycin hydrochloride 30 mg/kg/day IV 6weeks AND Streptomycin sulfate 15 mg/kg per 24 h IV/IM for 6weeks
- Strains Resistant to Penicillin and Susceptible to Aminoglycoside and Vancomycin
- β Lactamase–producing strain
- Preferred regimen : Ampicillin-sulbactam 12 g/day IV for 6weeks AND Gentamicin sulfate 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM 6weeks
- Alternate regimen : Vancomycin hydrochloride 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks AND Gentamicin sulfate 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Intrinsic penicillin resistance : Vancomycin hydrochloride 30 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks AND Gentamicin sulfate 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Strains Resistant to Penicillin, Aminoglycoside, and Vancomycin
- Preferred regimen : (Imipenem OR Cilastatin 2 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks AND Ampicillin 12 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks) OR (Ceftriaxone sodium 4 g/day IV/IM for ≥ 8weeks AND Ampicillin 12 g/day IV for ≥ 8weeks)
- Endocarditis in Pediatrics
- Strains Susceptible to Penicillin, Gentamicin, and Vancomycin
- Preferred regimen : (Ampicillin 300 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks OR Penicillin 300,000U/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks) AND Gentamicin 3 mg/kg per 24 h IV/IM 4–6 weeks
- Note : In case of native valve endocarditis, 4-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms of illness ≤3 months and 6-wk therapy recommended for patients with symptoms >3 months and prosthetic valve or other prosthetic cardiac material a minimum of 6 wk of therapy recommended
- Alternate regimen : Vancomycin 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks AND Gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Strains Susceptible to Penicillin, Streptomycin, and Vancomycin and Resistant to Gentamicin
- Preferred regimen : (Ampicillin 300 mg/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks OR Penicillin 300,000 U/kg/day IV for 4–6 weeks) AND Streptomycin 20–30 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 4–6 weeks
- Alternate regimen: Vancomycin hydrochloride 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks AND Streptomycin sulfate 15 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Strains Resistant to Penicillin and Susceptible to Aminoglycoside and Vancomycin
- β Lactamase–producing strain
- Preferred regimen : Ampicillin-sulbactam 300 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks AND Gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Alternate regimen : Vancomycin 40 mg/kg/day IV for 6weeks AND Gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Intrinsic penicillin resistance : Vancomycin 40 mg/kg/day IV AND Gentamicin 3 mg/kg/day IV/IM for 6weeks
- Strains Resistant to Penicillin, Aminoglycoside, and Vancomycin
- Preferred regimen : Imipenem/cilastatin 60–100 mg/kg/day IV for ≥ 8weeks AND Ampicillin 300 mg/kg/day IVfor ≥ 8weeks
- Alternate regimen : Ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg/day IV/IM AND Ampicillin 300 mg/kg/day IV for ≥ 8weeks
- Meningitis[3]
- Ampicillin susceptible
- Preferred regimen: Ampicillin 12 g/day IV q4h AND Gentamicin 5 mg/kg/day IV q8h
- Ampicillin resistant
- Preferred regimen: Vancomycin 30–45 mg/kg/day IV q8–12h AND Gentamicin 5 mg/kg/day IV q8h
- Ampicillin and vancomycin resistant
- Preferred regimen: Linezolid 600 mg IV q12h
- Urinary tract infections [4]
- Preferred regimen : Nitrofurantoin 100 mg PO q6h for 5 days OR Fosfomycin 3 g PO single dose OR Amoxicillin 875 mg-1 g PO q12h for 5 days
- Intra abdominal or Wound infections [5]
- Penicillin or Ampicillin are preferred agents, Vancomycin in setting of penicillin allergy or high-level penicillin resistance.
- For complicated skin-skin structure and intra-abdominal infection : Tigecycline 100 mg IV single dose and 50 mg IV q12h
Bacteria – Gram-Positive Bacilli
Bacteria – Gram-Negative Cocci and Coccobacilli
Bacteria – Spirochetes
Bacteria – Gram-Negative Bacilli
Bacteria – Atypical Organisms
Bacteria – Miscellaneous
Bacteria – Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli
Fungi
Mycobacteria
Parasites – Intestinal Protozoa
Parasites – Extraintestinal Protozoa
Parasites – Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)
Parasites – Extraintestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)
Parasites – Trematodes (Flukes)
Parasites – Cestodes (Tapeworms)
Parasites – Ectoparasites
Viruses
- ↑ Bartlett, John (2012). Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449625580.
- ↑ Baddour, LM.; Wilson, WR.; Bayer, AS.; Fowler, VG.; Bolger, AF.; Levison, ME.; Ferrieri, P.; Gerber, MA.; Tani, LY. (2005). "Infective endocarditis: diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, and management of complications: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, and the Councils on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, American Heart Association: endorsed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America". Circulation. 111 (23): e394–434. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.165564. PMID 15956145. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Lua error: expandTemplate: template "citation error" does not exist.
- ↑ Bartlett, John (2012). Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449625580.
- ↑ Bartlett, John (2012). Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449625580.