Dyspnea causes: Difference between revisions
Kiran Singh (talk | contribs) (/* Causes in Alphabetical OrderSailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusett...) |
Kiran Singh (talk | contribs) (/* Causes in Alphabetical OrderSailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusett...) |
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* [[Guillain-Barre Syndrome]] | * [[Guillain-Barre Syndrome]] | ||
* [[Heart attack]] | * [[Heart attack]] | ||
* [[Heart dysfunction]] | * [[Heart failure|Heart dysfunction]] | ||
* [[Heart failure]] | * [[Heart failure]] | ||
* [[Hemochlyothorax]] | * [[Hemochlyothorax]] | ||
Line 334: | Line 334: | ||
* [[Hiatal hernia]] | * [[Hiatal hernia]] | ||
* [[Histiocytosis X]] | * [[Histiocytosis X]] | ||
* [[ | * [[HOCM]] | ||
* [[Hoose (disease)]] | * [[Hoose (disease)]] | ||
* [[Hughes- | * [[Hughes-Stovin syndrome]] | ||
* [[Humidifier lung]] | * [[Humidifier lung]] | ||
* [[Hydrochlyothorax]] | * [[Hydrochlyothorax]] | ||
Line 356: | Line 356: | ||
* [[Interstitial lung disease]] | * [[Interstitial lung disease]] | ||
* [[Intoxication]] ([[carbon monoxide]], [[cyanide]]) | * [[Intoxication]] ([[carbon monoxide]], [[cyanide]]) | ||
* Intrapulmonary receptor stimulation | * [[Receptor|Intrapulmonary receptor stimulation]] | ||
* [[Intussusception (medical disorder)]] | * [[Intussusception (medical disorder)]] | ||
* [[Iron deficiency anemia]] | * [[Iron deficiency anemia]] | ||
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* [[Larynx fracture]] | * [[Larynx fracture]] | ||
* [[Leukemia]] | * [[Leukemia]] | ||
* [[Leukostasis]] | * [[Hyperleukocytosis|Leukostasis]] | ||
* [[Levosimendan]] | * [[Levosimendan]] | ||
* [[Levo- | * [[Levo-transposition of the great arteries]] | ||
* [[Loeffler's Endocarditis]] | * [[Loeffler's Endocarditis]] | ||
* [[Ludwig's angina]] | * [[Ludwig's angina]] | ||
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* [[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]] | * [[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia]] | ||
* [[Lymphoma]] | * [[Lymphoma]] | ||
* [[Macleod syndrome]] | * [[McLeod syndrome|Macleod syndrome]] | ||
* [[Major surgery]] | * [[Surgery|Major surgery]] | ||
* [[Malignancy]] | * [[Malignancy]] | ||
* [[Malignant hypertension]] | * [[Malignant hypertension]] | ||
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* [[Malt worker's lung]] | * [[Malt worker's lung]] | ||
* [[Mediastinal tumors]] | * [[Mediastinal tumors]] | ||
* [[Megaloblastic | * [[Megaloblastic Anemias]] | ||
* [[Mercury (element)]] | * [[Mercury (element)]] | ||
* [[Metabolic acidosis]] | * [[Metabolic acidosis]] | ||
Line 402: | Line 402: | ||
* [[Myxedema]] | * [[Myxedema]] | ||
* [[Myxoma]] | * [[Myxoma]] | ||
* [[Narcotics over dose]] | * [[Narcotic|Narcotics over dose]] | ||
* [[Neuromuscular disease]] | * [[Neuromuscular disease]] | ||
* [[Niacin]] | * [[Niacin]] | ||
Line 429: | Line 429: | ||
* [[Pneumochlyothorax]] | * [[Pneumochlyothorax]] | ||
* [[Pneumothorax]] | * [[Pneumothorax]] | ||
* Pleural fibrosis | * [[Pleural fibrosis]] | ||
* [[Poisoning]] | * [[Poisoning]] | ||
* [[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | * [[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | ||
* [[Polyradiculitis]] | * [[Polyradiculitis]] | ||
* [[Poor diet]] | * [[Diet|Poor diet]] | ||
* [[Postprandial hypotension]] | * [[Hypotension|Postprandial hypotension]] | ||
* [[Pregnancy]] | * [[Pregnancy]] | ||
* [[Protamine sulfate]] | * [[Protamine sulfate]] |
Revision as of 17:15, 6 July 2015
Dyspnea Microchapters |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
The four general categories of dyspnea are based on its causes: cardiac, pulmonary, mixed cardiac or pulmonary, and noncardiac or nonpulmonary. Sudden onset of dyspnea (acute dyspnea) is most typically associated with narrowing of the airways or airflow obstruction (bronchospasm), blockage of one of the arteries of the lung (pulmonary embolism), acute heart failure or myocardial infarction, pneumonia, or panic disorder. Long-standing dyspnea (chronic dyspnea) is most often a manifestation of chronic or progressive diseases of the lung and / or heart, such as COPD, which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Dyspnea also is experienced by individuals encountering high-altitude sickness (high-altitude pulmonary edema, [HAPE]). This is associated with rapid rate of mountain ascent and normally occurs during the first 1 to 3 days of achieving a high altitude. Dyspnea resolves with use of supplemental oxygen, rapid descent, and occasionally hyperbaric therapy.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Common Causes
- Acute heart failure
- Acute papillary muscle rupture
- Cardiac tamponade
- Foreign body aspiration
- Spontaneous pneumothorax
- H. influenza epiglottitis
- Bronchospasm
- Pulmonary edema
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order[1][2]
Causes Based on Pathophysiology
Obstructive Lung Diseases
- Asthma
- Bronchitis
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Cystic fibrosis
- Emphysema
- Hookworm disease
- Laryngeal edema due to allergies
- Tuberculosis
Diseases of Lung Parenchyma and Pleura
Contagious
- Anthrax through inhalation of Bacillus anthracis
- Pneumonia
Non-Contagious
- Fibrosing alveolitis
- Atelectasis
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- Interstitial lung disease
- Lung cancer
- Pleural effusion
- Pneumoconiosis
- Pneumothorax
- Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema or acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Sarcoidosis
Pulmonary Vascular Diseases
- Acute or recurrent pulmonary emboli
- Pulmonary hypertension, primary or secondary
- Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease
- Superior vena cava syndrome
Obstruction of the Airway
Immobilization of the Diaphragm
- Lesion of the phrenic nerve
- Polycystic liver disease
- Tumor in the diaphragm