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| In humans, this causes a disease called [[echinococcosis]]. Latency can be up to 50 years, and is mostly found in South and Central America, the Middle East, China, and the West of the U.S.A. (e.g.. Arizona, New Mexico and California). | | In humans, this causes a disease called [[echinococcosis]]. Latency can be up to 50 years, and is mostly found in South and Central America, the Middle East, China, and the West of the U.S.A. (e.g.. Arizona, New Mexico and California). |
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| ==Treatment==
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| ===Antimicrobial therapy===
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| * Echinococcus treatment<ref name="pmid8863045">{{cite journal| author=Ammann RW, Eckert J| title=Cestodes. Echinococcus. | journal=Gastroenterol Clin North Am | year= 1996 | volume= 25 | issue= 3 | pages= 655-89 | pmid=8863045 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8863045 }} </ref>
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| :* 1.1 '''Echinococcus granulosus (hydatid disease) treatment'''<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014 | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1930808782 }}</ref>
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| ::* Preferred regimen: If ≥ 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 400 mg PO bid or if < 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 10-15 mg/kg/day PO bid with meals for 3-6 months
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| ::* Alternative regimen: [[Mebendazole]] 40-50mg/kg/day PO tid for 3-6 months
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| ::* Note: Percutaneous aspiration-injection-reaspiration (PAIR)- puncture and needle aspirate cyst content. Instill hypertonic saline (15–30 %) or absolute alcohol, wait 20–30 min, then re-aspirate with final irrigation. Administer [[Albendazole]] at least 4 hours before PAIR.
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| ::* Note: If surgery is needed, make sure to administer [[Albendazole]] for at least a week before the surgery, and to keep the medication for at least 4 weeks after the procedure.
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| :* 1.2 '''Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolar cyst disease) treatment'''<ref>{{cite book | last = Gilbert | first = David | title = The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy 2014 | publisher = Antimicrobial Therapy | location = Sperryville, Va | year = 2014 | isbn = 978-1930808782 }}</ref>
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| ::* Preferred regimen: If ≥ 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 400 mg PO bid or if < 60 kg [[Albendazole]] 15 mg/kg/day PO bid with meals for at least 2 years. Long-term follow up needed to evaluate progression of the lesions.
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| ::: Note: Wide surgical resection only reliable treatment; technique evolving.
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| ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The genus Echinococcus includes six species of cyclophyllid tapeworms to date, of the family Taeniidae. Infection with Echinococcus results in hydatid disease, also known as echinococcosis.
In humans, this causes a disease called echinococcosis. Latency can be up to 50 years, and is mostly found in South and Central America, the Middle East, China, and the West of the U.S.A. (e.g.. Arizona, New Mexico and California).
See Also