Mycobacterium chelonae: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
* On average, 2 cases of nonpulmonary M. chelonae infection are reported in South Australia each year.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.3201/eid1909.120898 |pmid=23968779 |pmc=3810901 |title=Mycobacterium chelonae ''Abscesses'' Associated with Biomesotherapy, Australia, 2008 |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=19 |issue=9 |year=2013 |last1=Ivan |first1=Mihaela |last2=Dancer |first2=Craig |last3=Koehler |first3=Ann P. |last4=Hobby |first4=Michaela |last5=Lease |first5=Chris }}</ref | * On average, 2 cases of nonpulmonary M. chelonae infection are reported in South Australia each year.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.3201/eid1909.120898 |pmid=23968779 |pmc=3810901 |title=Mycobacterium chelonae ''Abscesses'' Associated with Biomesotherapy, Australia, 2008 |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=19 |issue=9 |year=2013 |last1=Ivan |first1=Mihaela |last2=Dancer |first2=Craig |last3=Koehler |first3=Ann P. |last4=Hobby |first4=Michaela |last5=Lease |first5=Chris }}</ref | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
===Antimicrobial | ===Antimicrobial Regimen=== | ||
*1.''' Localized infections''' <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref> | *1.''' Localized infections''' <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref> | ||
:* Preferred regimen: [[Clarithromycin]] 500 mg PO BID | :* Preferred regimen: [[Clarithromycin]] 500 mg PO BID | ||
Revision as of 16:01, 10 August 2015
| style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;"|Mycobacterium chelonae | ||||||||||||||
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| style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;" | Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
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| Binomial name | ||||||||||||||
| Mycobacterium chelonae Bergey et al. 1923, ATCC 35752 |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Mycobacterium chelonae is a species of the phylum actinobacteria (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus mycobacterium.
Causes
- Mycobacterium chelonae is a rapidly growing mycobacterium, that is found all throughout the environment including sewage and tap water.
- It can occasionally cause opportunistic infections of humans. It is grouped in Runyon group IV.
- Type strain: strain CM 6388 = ATCC 35752 = CCUG 47445 = CIP 104535 = DSM 43804 = JCM 6388 = NCTC 946.
Epidemiology
- On average, 2 cases of nonpulmonary M. chelonae infection are reported in South Australia each year.
- Preferred regimen: Clarithromycin 500 mg PO BID
- Alternative regimen: Azithromycin
- 2. Disseminated or extensive disease
- 2.1 monotherapy
- Preferred regimen: Clarithromycin 500 mg PO BID
- 2.2 multidrug therapy
- preferred regimen: Clarithromycin 500 mg PO BID AND Tobramycin 5 mg IV/kg/day PO OR Imipenem 0.5-1 g IV q6h OR Linezolid 600 mg IV/PO BID for 4-8 weeks
- Alternative regimen: Moxifloxacin 400 mg PO qd AND Linezolid 600 mg PO BID
- NTOE(1): During initial treatment, multidrug therapy may prevent development of acquired resistance
- NOTE(2): Total treatment duration is 6 months
- 3. Keratitis (LASIK-related)
- Preferred regimen: Clarithromycin 500 mg PO BID AND topicals (Tobramycin 0.3%, 2 gtts q4h AND Gatifloxacin 0.3%, 1 gtt q4h OR Moxifloxacin 0.5%, 1 gtt q4h