WBR1013

Author	[[PageAuthor::Rim Halaby, M.D. [1] (Reviewed by Yazan Daaboul, M.D.)]]
Exam Type	ExamType::USMLE Step 1
Main Category	MainCategory::Pathophysiology
Sub Category	SubCategory::Cardiology
Prompt	[[Prompt::Hemodynamic parameters are collected from the medical records of hospitalized patients with different medical conditions for a retrospective study. One of the patients has the following parameters: Systolic blood pressure: 160 mmHg Diastolic blood pressure: 60 mmHg Pulse: 102 beats per minute Which of the following diseases is associated with the patient's hemodynamic parameters?]]
Answer A	AnswerA::Aortic stenosis
Answer A Explanation	[[AnswerAExp::Aortic stenosis is associated with a narrowing in pulse pressure.]]
Answer B	AnswerB::Cardiac tamponade
Answer B Explanation	[[AnswerBExp::Cardiac tamponade is associated with a narrowing in pulse pressure.]]
Answer C	AnswerC::Advanced heart failure
Answer C Explanation	AnswerCExp::Advanced heart failure is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed.
Answer D	AnswerD::Cardiogenic shock
Answer D Explanation	[[AnswerDExp::Cardiogenic shock is generally associated with low blood pressure. Pulse pressure may also be narrowed.]]
Answer E	AnswerE::Hyperthyroidism
Answer E Explanation	[[AnswerEExp::Hyperthyroidism elevates systolic blood pressure and is associated with tachycardia and a widened pulse pressure. In contrast, hypothyroidism may be accompanied by elevation in diastolic blood pressure and is associated with a narrowed pulse pressure.]]
Right Answer	RightAnswer::E
Explanation	[[Explanation::The pulse pressure of this patient is: Pulse pressure = systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure = 160 - 60 = 100 mmHg Widened pulse pressure is associated with hyperthyroidism, aortic regurgitation, and obstructive sleep apnea. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with aortic stenosis, cardiac tamponade, advanced heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. Educational Objective: Widened pulse pressure is associated with hyperthyroidism, aortic regurgitation, and obstructive sleep apnea. In contrast, narrowed pulse pressure is associated with aortic stenosis, cardiac tamponade, advanced heart failure, and cardiogenic shock. References: First Aid 2015 page 272]]
Approved	Approved::Yes
Keyword	WBRKeyword::Pulse pressure, WBRKeyword::Hyperthyroidism, WBRKeyword::Cardiology, WBRKeyword::Heart, WBRKeyword::Vascular, WBRKeyword::Pulse, WBRKeyword::Blood pressure
Linked Question	Linked::
Order in Linked Questions	LinkedOrder::