Renal cell carcinoma CT: Difference between revisions

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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Category:Kidney diseases]]
[[Category:Kidney diseases]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]

Revision as of 20:02, 27 August 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

a CT may be used to detect neoplastic masses that may define renal cell carcinoma or metastasis of the primary cancer.


Computed Tomography

Both CT and MRI may be used to detect neoplastic masses that may define renal cell carcinoma or metastasis of the primary cancer. CT scan and use of intravenous (IV) contrast is generally used for work-up and follow-up of patients with renal cell carcinoma. Enhancing renal masses on CT scan is strongly indicative of the presence of a renal tumor.[1]
It is always important to note the significance of radiation exposure in the recurrent use of CT scan for surveillance.
The following guidelines of the American Urological Association in 2013 state the following regarding the use of CT in renal cell carcinoma:

Use of CT in Renal Cell Carcinoma[2]
Patient Profile Use of CT Evidence Strength
Low Risk Patient (pT1, N0, Nx) Baseline abdominal CT (or MRI) for nephron sparing surgery and CT (or US or MRI) for radical nephrectomy within 3-12 months following renal surgery

Additional CT (or US or MRI) may be performed in patients following radical nephrectomy if initial post-op baseline image is negative
Expert opinion

C
Moderate to High Risk Patients (pT2-4N0 Nx or any stage N+) Baseline chest and abdominal CT (or MRI) within 3-6 months following surgery with continued imaging (US, CXR, CT, or MRI) every 6 months for at least 3 years and annually thereafter to 5 years. Site specific imaging is warranted by clinical symptoms suggestive of recurrence or metastatic spread. Imaging (US, CXR, CT, or MRI) beyond 5 years may be performed at the discretion of the clinician C
Active surveillance Cross-sectional abdominal scanning (CT or MRI) within 6 months of active surveillance initiation to establish a growth rate. Further imaging is recommended at least annually thereafter C
Ablation Patients undergo cross-sectional CT or MRI with and without IV contrast unless contraindicated at 3 and 6 months following ablative therapy to assess treatment success. Annual abdominal CT or MRI should follow for 5 years. Individual CT (or MRI) beyond 5 years is based on individual patient risk factors C
Adapted from Donat SM et al. Follow-up for clinically localized renal neoplasms: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2013; 190(2):407-16.

Patient 1

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Patient 2

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Patient 3

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Patient 4

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References

  1. Cohen HT, McGovern FJ (2005). "Renal-cell carcinoma". N Engl J Med. 353 (23): 2477–90. doi:10.1056/NEJMra043172. PMID 16339096‎ Check |pmid= value (help).
  2. Donat SM, Diaz M, Bishoff JT, Coleman JA, Dahm P, Derweesh IH; et al. (2013). "Follow-up for Clinically Localized Renal Neoplasms: AUA Guideline". J Urol. 190 (2): 407–16. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2013.04.121. PMID 23665399.