Superior vena cava syndrome physical examination: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Superior vena cava syndrome}} | {{Superior vena cava syndrome}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}{{AE}}{{MV}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common physical examination findings of superior vena cava syndrome include the pemberton's sign, facial [[swelling]], and [[jugular venous distension]].<ref name="pmid16502166">{{cite journal |vauthors=Uberoi R |title=Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease |journal=Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=319–22 |year=2006 |pmid=16502166 |doi=10.1007/s00270-005-0284-9 |url=}}</ref><ref name="caca">Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/managing-side-effects/superior-vena-cava-syndrome/?region=bc Accessed on January 13, 2016</ref> | |||
==Physical Examination== | |||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
*Well-appearing in early stages of cancer | |||
*Cachectic in late stage cancer. | |||
*[[Pemberton's sign]]: Development of suffusion, [[plethora]], or duskiness upon elevation of the arms above the head in patients with SVC syndrome. | |||
<div align="left"> | <div align="left"> | ||
<gallery heights="175" widths="175"> | <gallery heights="175" widths="175"> | ||
| Line 12: | Line 17: | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
* | |||
===Vital Signs=== | |||
*Low-grade fever | |||
*Tachypnea | |||
*Kussmal respirations may be present in advanced SVCS. | |||
*Asymmetric pulse | |||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*Reddish [[mucus membrane]]s (inside the [[nose]], [[mouth]], and other places) | *Reddish [[mucus membrane]]s (inside the [[nose]], [[mouth]], and other places) | ||
*[[Redish color to the skin]] | |||
*[[ | |||
===HEENT=== | |||
=== | * Facial tenderness | ||
*[[Swelling]] of the [[face]] | *[[Swelling]] of the [[face]] | ||
* | * Facial flushing/redness [[face]] or cheeks | ||
*[[Drooping eyelid]] | *[[Drooping eyelid]] | ||
*[[Swelling]] around the [[eye]] | *[[Swelling]] around the [[eye]] | ||
*[[Swelling]] of the whites of the [[eye]]s | *[[Swelling]] of the whites of the [[eye]]s | ||
===Neck=== | |||
*[[Jugular venous distension]] | |||
*[[Lymphadenopathy]] | |||
*[[Thyromegaly]] | |||
*[[Hepatojugular reflux]] | |||
<div align="left"> | |||
<gallery heights="175" widths="175"> | |||
Image:440px-Elevated JVP.JPG|Marked jugular venous distention with the external jugular vein marked by an arrow. | |||
</gallery> | |||
</div> | |||
===Lungs=== | |||
* Asymmetric chest expansion | |||
*[[Wheezing]] may be present | |||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
* | *Non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper extremities | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Hematology]] | [[Category:Hematology]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
Revision as of 19:22, 13 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
Common physical examination findings of superior vena cava syndrome include the pemberton's sign, facial swelling, and jugular venous distension.[1][2]
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Well-appearing in early stages of cancer
- Cachectic in late stage cancer.
- Pemberton's sign: Development of suffusion, plethora, or duskiness upon elevation of the arms above the head in patients with SVC syndrome.
-
Distension of veins on the torso of a patient with SVC syndrome
Vital Signs
- Low-grade fever
- Tachypnea
- Kussmal respirations may be present in advanced SVCS.
- Asymmetric pulse
Skin
- Reddish mucus membranes (inside the nose, mouth, and other places)
- Redish color to the skin
HEENT
- Facial tenderness
- Swelling of the face
- Facial flushing/redness face or cheeks
- Drooping eyelid
- Swelling around the eye
- Swelling of the whites of the eyes
Neck
-
Marked jugular venous distention with the external jugular vein marked by an arrow.
Lungs
- Asymmetric chest expansion
- Wheezing may be present
Extremities
- Non-pitting edema of the upper extremities
References
- ↑ Uberoi R (2006). "Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease". Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 29 (3): 319–22. doi:10.1007/s00270-005-0284-9. PMID 16502166.
- ↑ Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/managing-side-effects/superior-vena-cava-syndrome/?region=bc Accessed on January 13, 2016