Stomach cancer other imaging findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

Overview

Fluoroscopy may be diagnostic of stomach cancer.

Barium studies

Barium studies can identify both malignant gastric ulcers and infiltrating lesions

false-negative barium studies can occur in as many as 50 percent of cases [17].

early gastric cancer where the sensitivity of barium meals may be as low as 14 percent [18]. 

Early gastric cancer (elevated, superficial, shallow):

• Type I: elevated lesion, protrudes >5 mm into lumen (polypoid)
• Type II: superficial lesion (plaque-like, mucosal nodularity, ulceration)
• Type III: shallow, irregular ulcer crater with adjacent nodular mucosa and clubbing/fusion/amputation of radiation folds

Advanced gastric cancer:

• Polypoid cancer can be lobulated or fungating
• Lesion on dependent or posterior wall; filling defect in barium pool
• Lesion on nondependent or anterior wall; etched in white by a thin layer of barium trapped between edge of mass & adjacent mucosa
• Ulcerated carcinoma (penetrating cancer): 70% of all gastric cancers