Multiple myeloma staging: Difference between revisions
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage }} | ||
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*β2-microglobulin >5.5 | *β2-microglobulin >5.5 | ||
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*Median survival 29 months | *Median survival 29 months | ||
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** Serum paraprotein >7g/dL if IgG, > 5 g/dL if IgA | ** Serum paraprotein >7g/dL if IgG, > 5 g/dL if IgA | ||
** Urinary light chain excretion > 12g/24h | ** Urinary light chain excretion > 12g/24h | ||
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Hemoglobin level}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Calcium level}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Skeletal survey}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Serum paraprotein level}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Urinary light chain excretion}} | |||
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:Stage 1 | |||
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*> 10g/dL | |||
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*8.5-10.2 mg/dL | |||
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*Normal or single plasmacytoma or osteoporosis | |||
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*< 5 g/dL if IgG or < 3 g/dL if IgA | |||
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*< 4 g/24h | |||
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:Stage 2 | |||
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*8.5-10g/dL | |||
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*10.2-12 mg/dL | |||
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* fulfilling the criteria of neither 1 nor 3 | |||
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*5-7 g/dL if IgG or 3-5 g/dL if IgA | |||
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*4-12 g/24h | |||
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:Stage 3 | |||
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*< 8.5g/dL | |||
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*> 12mg/dL | |||
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*3 or more lytic bone lesions | |||
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*>7g/dL if IgG or > 5 g/dL if IgA | |||
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*> 12g/24h | |||
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Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Durie-Salmon staging system can be divided into A or B depending on serum creatinine: | Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Durie-Salmon staging system can be divided into A or B depending on serum creatinine: |
Revision as of 14:48, 19 September 2015
Multiple myeloma Microchapters |
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Case Studies |
Multiple myeloma staging On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Multiple myeloma staging |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Multiple myeloma staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
International Staging System for multiple myeloma, based on β2-microglobulin (β2M) levels and serum albumin levels, was published by International Myeloma Working Group in 2003 and is the most widely used staging system. It is used for both guiding treatment as well as predicting prognosis.
Staging
- International Staging System
According to the International Staging System (ISS), there are three stages of multiple myeloma based on both β2-microglobulin and Albumin levels.[1][2]:
Stage | Features | Prognosis |
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- Durie-Salmon staging system
First published in 1975, the Durie-Salmon staging system [3] is still in use, but has largely been superseded by the simpler ISS:
- stage 1: all of
- Hb > 10g/dL
- normal calcium
- Skeletal survey: normal or single plasmacytoma or osteoporosis
- Serum paraprotein level < 5 g/dL if IgG, < 3 g/dL if IgA
- Urinary light chain excretion < 4 g/24h
- stage 2: fulfilling the criteria of neither 1 nor 3
- stage 3: one or more of
- Hb < 8.5g/dL
- high calcium > 12mg/dL
- Skeletal survey: 3 or more lytic bone lesions
- Serum paraprotein >7g/dL if IgG, > 5 g/dL if IgA
- Urinary light chain excretion > 12g/24h
Stage | Hemoglobin level | Calcium level | Skeletal survey | Serum paraprotein level | Urinary light chain excretion |
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Stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Durie-Salmon staging system can be divided into A or B depending on serum creatinine:
- A: serum creatinine < 2mg/dL (< 177 umol/L)
- B: serum creatinine > 2mg/dL (> 177 umol/L)
References
- ↑ Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Fonseca R, Avet-Loiseau H, Jacobson JL, Rasmussen E, Crowley J, Durie BMG. Development of an international prognostic index (IPI) for myeloma: report of the international myeloma working group. Hematology Journal 2003;4:S42. NLM ID 100965523.
- ↑ About multiple myeloma. University of California San Francisco (2015)http://cancer.ucsf.edu/research/multiple-myeloma/ Accessed on September, 18 2015
- ↑ Durie BG, Salmon SE. A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma. Correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment and survival. Cancer 1975;36:842–854. PMID 1182674.