Angiomyolipoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Renal angiomyolipoma (4) HMB-45 immunostain.JPG|thumb|left|350px|4. Histopathologic image of renal angiomyolipoma. Nephrectomy specimen. The same case as demonstrated in "Image 1". HMB-45 immunostain.]] | [[Image:Renal angiomyolipoma (4) HMB-45 immunostain.JPG|thumb|left|350px|4. Histopathologic image of renal angiomyolipoma. Nephrectomy specimen. The same case as demonstrated in "Image 1". HMB-45 immunostain.]] | ||
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===Cytologic=== | |||
Features<ref name=pmid15584043>{{Cite journal | last1 = Crapanzano | first1 = JP. | title = Fine-needle aspiration of renal angiomyolipoma: cytological findings and diagnostic pitfalls in a series of five cases. | journal = Diagn Cytopathol | volume = 32 | issue = 1 | pages = 53-7 | month = Jan | year = 2005 | doi = 10.1002/dc.20179 | PMID = 15584043 }}</ref> | |||
*Nuclei - round/ovoid. | |||
*Chromatin - bland. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 20:58, 21 September 2015
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Angiomyolipoma Microchapters |
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Angiomyolipoma pathophysiology On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Angiomyolipoma pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [3]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Gross
- Well circumscribed - uniform yellow.
Since all three components of an angiomyolipoma (vascular cells, immature smooth muscle cells and fat cells) contain a "second hit" mutation, they are believed to have derived from a common progenitor cell that suffered the common second hit mutation. Angiomyolipomas are members of the perivascular epithelioid cells tumour group (PEComas) and are composed of variable amounts of three components;blood vessels (-angio), plump spindle cells (-myo) and adipose tissue (-lipo). Almost all classic angiomyolipomas are benign but they do have the risk of rupture with bleeding or secondary damage/destruction of surrounding structures as they grow.
Variants
There is a special variant called an epithelioid angiomyolipoma, composed of more plump, epithelial looking cells, often with nuclear atypia, that have a described risk of malignant behaviour. This variant, unlike conventional AMLs, may mimic renal cell carcinoma.10 Metastases have also been described 9.
Microscopic Pathology
Microscopic
Features:
- Smooth muscle.
- Adipose tissue - not always present[1] - key feature.
- Abundant blood vessels.
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_HMB-45_immunostain.JPG)
Cytologic
Features[1]
- Nuclei - round/ovoid.
- Chromatin - bland.