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| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[aminoglycosides]], [[atenolol]], [[cinchonism]], [[drug overdose]], [[gentamicin]], [[hellebore]]
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Alcohol|Alcohol overdose ]], [[cinchonism ]], [[darvocet overdose ]], [[drug overdose]], [[hypervitaminoses A and D ]]
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H. [2] Vendhan Ramanujam M.B.B.S [3]
Overview Vertigo can result from problems of the inner ear or the vestibular system which is composed of the semicircular canals, the otolith (utricle and saccule) and the vestibular nerve . Hence, depending on the cause of the vertigo, it can be referred to as "peripheral", "otologic" or "vestibular" vertigo. The most common cause is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which accounts for 32% of all peripheral vertigo. Other causes include Ménière's disease (12%), superior canal dehiscence syndrome, labyrinthitis and visual vertigo. Any cause of inflammation such as common cold , influenza , and bacterial infections may cause transient vertigo if it involves the inner ear, as may chemical insults (e.g., aminoglycosides ) or physical trauma (e.g., skull fractures). Motion sickness is sometimes classified as a cause of peripheral vertigo.
Causes Life Threatening Causes Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular
Abdominal aortic aneurysm , coronary heart disease , hypertension , malignant hypertension , Sinus bradycardia ,superior vena cava syndrome , Takayasu arteritis , vasovagal syncope
Chemical / poisoning
Amanita muscaria , arsine , bromide , chloralose , chlorinated naphthalene , chloromethane , Corn lily poisoning , cyanide , cycad nut poisoning , ethylbenzene , gasoline , ibotenic acid , multiple chemical sensitivity , nitrogen narcosis , pfiesteria poisoning , phosphine , snakebites , tobacco smoking , xylene
Dermatologic
Glomus tumor , Lyme disease , neurofibromatosis
Drug Side Effect
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate , 4-HO-MPT , ACE inhibitors , albendazole , ambenonium , amikacin , aminoglycosides , anti-obesity drug , antibiotics , anticonvulsants , antiretroviral drug , atenolol , aztreonam , biperiden , bromocriptine , buspirone , cabergoline , capreomycin sulfate , cidofovir , cortisone , clomifene , clozapine , dapsone , daptomycin , desmopressin , dexamethasone , diflunisal , disulfiram , dolutegravir , dolasetron mesylate , efavirenz , eflornithine , eslicarbazepine acetate , ethacrynic Acid , etravirine , ezogabine , febuxostat , flucytosine , fulvestrant , gamma-hydroxybutyric acid , galantamine hydrobromide , gentamicin , gabapentin Enacarbil , histamine agonist , hydroxychloroquine , hydrochlorothiazide , ibotenic acid , imipenem-cilastatin , indomethacin , isosorbide mononitrate , isoproterenol (aerosol) , ivermectin , kanamycin , ketorolac , leflunomide , leuprolide , lincomycin hydrochloride , loop diuretic , loprazolam , lorazepam , lormetazepam , malaria prophylaxis , methimazole , methocarbamol , methylprednisolone , minocycline hydrochloride , moclobemide , modafinil , meprobamate , monomethylhydrazine , nabilone , nabumetone , netilmicin , nialamide , nitrazepam , oprelvekin , oxaprozin , oxazepam , papaverine paroxetine , pergolide , prednisone , primidone , pentamidine Isethionate , pergolide , perphenazine , pomalidomide , praziquantel , primidone , rifaximin , riluzole , rizatriptan , ropinirole , sedatives , Sertraline , SSRI discontinuation syndrome , streptomycin , sulindac , sultiame , Sumatriptan , tamsulosin , temazepam , trazodone , tuberculosis treatment , valaciclovir , venlafaxine , vigabatrin , viloxazine , vortioxetine , zimelidine , zonisamide , zolmitriptan
Ear Nose Throat
Acoustic neuroma , balance disorder , benign paroxysmal positional vertigo , catarrh , cholesteatoma , cogan syndrome , ear wax endolymphatic sac tumor , ependymoma , facial nerve paralysis , glomus tumor , herpes zoster oticus , labyrinthitis , labyrinth infarction , labyrinthine concussion , Mastoiditis , Meniere's disease , middle ear infection , nasal congestion , osteoma of the external ear canal , otitis externa otitis media , otosclerosis , ototoxicity , perforated tympanic membrane , perilymph fistula , recurrent vestibulopathy , Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome , sensorineural hearing loss , superior canal dehiscence syndrome , superior vena cava syndrome , vestibulocochlear dysfunction progressive familial , vestibulocochlear nerve diseases , Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
Endocrine
No underlying causes
Environmental
Microwave auditory effect , noise health effects , sound pressure
Gastroenterologic
Visceroptosis
Genetic
Episodic ataxia , Fabry's disease , neurofibromatosis , sensorineural hearing loss , vestibulocochlear dysfunction progressive familial
Hematologic
Anemia , Osler-Vaquez disease , polycythemia rubra , superior vena cava syndrome
Iatrogenic
No underlying causes
Infectious Disease
Bacterial infection , common cold , mastoiditis , herpes zoster oticus , influenza , intracranial infection , labyrinthitis , lyme disease , otitis externa , otitis media , syphillis , viral infection
Musculoskeletal / Ortho
No underlying causes
Neurologic
Acoustic neuroma , airsickness , arachnoid cyst , Arnold-Chiari malformation , astrocytoma , balance disorder , Barre-Lieou syndrome , basilar artery insufficiency syndrome , basilar artery migraine , brain ischemia , brain tumor , brain zaps , brainstem infarction , brainstem stroke , Bruns' syndrome , cerebellar hemorrhage , cerebellar hypoplasia , cerebellar infarction , cerebral aneurysm , cerebral shunt , cerebrovascular accident , chronic fatigue syndrome , colloid cyst , decompression sickness , deep water blackout , encephalitis , ependymoma , episodic ataxia , facial nerve paralysis , head injury , herpes zoster oticus , hydrocephalus , hypertensive encephalopathy , inferior cerebellar bleeding , intracranial infection , lateral medullary syndrome , medulloblastoma , meningioma , migraine , motion sickness , multiple sclerosis , neurofibromatosis , non-epileptic seizure , oculogyric crisis , opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome , peripheral neuritis , posterior fossa tumors , Ramsay-Hunt syndrome , sea-sickness , sensorineural hearing loss , seizures , skull fractures , spinal cord disorders , spinocerebellar ataxia , stroke , subclavian steal syndrome , Susac syndrome , syringobulbia , taravana , Tolosa-Hunt syndrome , transient ischemic attack , vasovagal syncope , vertebral artery dissection , vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia , vertebrobasilar insufficiency , vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attack , vertiginous epilepsy , vestibular migraine , vestibular neuronitis , Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome , Wallenberg's syndrome , Westphal-leyden ataxia
Nutritional / Metabolic
Alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency , Fabry's disease , hypervitaminoses A and D
Obstetric/Gynecologic
Hyperemesis gravidarum , morning sickness
Oncologic
Acoustic neuroma , astrocytoma , brain tumor , ependymoma , glomus tumor , medulloblastoma , meningioma , neurofibromatosis , Osler-Vaquez disease , osteoma of the external ear canal , polycythemia rubra , posterior fossa tumors
Opthalmologic
Cogan syndrome , oculogyric crisis
Overdose / Toxicity
Alcohol overdose , cinchonism , darvocet overdose , drug overdose , hypervitaminoses A and D
Psychiatric
Chronic fatigue syndrome , panic attack
Pulmonary
No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte
Chronic renal failure , hypomagnesemia primary , metabolic acidosis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy
Chronic fatigue syndrome , food allergy , multiple sclerosis , Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome , Susac syndrome , Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
Sexual
Syphillis
Trauma
Head injury , labyrinthine concussion , skull fractures , whiplash injuries
Urologic
No underlying causes
Dental
No underlying causes
Miscellaneous
Hellebore , peppermint oil , sassafras oil , systemic capillary leak syndrome , Tsetse fly
Causes in Alphabetical Order The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{
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References
↑ Gauss, I.; Delank, KW.; Esser, M.; Grau, A. (2008). "[Life-threatening differential diagnoses of vertigo and sudden hearing loss]". HNO . 56 (7): 733–40, quiz 741. doi :10.1007/s00106-008-1771-5 . PMID 18566785 . ↑ Kroenke, K.; Hoffman, RM.; Einstadter, D. (2000). "How common are various causes of dizziness? A critical review". South Med J . 93 (2): 160–7, quiz 168. PMID 10701780 .
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