Medulloblastoma staging: Difference between revisions
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|style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=center |'''M4''' ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | Metastasis present outside the cerebrospinal axis | |style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=center |'''M4''' ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | Metastasis present outside the cerebrospinal axis | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:08, 29 September 2015
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Medulloblastoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case studies |
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Medulloblastoma staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Medulloblastoma staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Medulloblastoma staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
The staging of medulloblastoma is based on the TNM clinical classification.[1][2][3]
TNM Classification of Medulloblastoma
- The staging of medulloblastoma is based on the TNM clinical classification demonstrated below.[1][2][3]
T: Primary Tumor
| T | Description |
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 | There is no evidence of primary tumor |
| T1 | Tumor size <3 cm in diameter |
| T2 | Tumor size ≥3 cm in diameter with no evidence of extension |
| T3a | Tumor size >3 cm in diameter with extension into aqueduct of Sylvius or foramen of Luschka |
| T3b | Tumor size >3 cm in diameter with definite spread into the brain stem |
| T4 | Tumor size >3 cm in diameter with extension past aqueduct of Sylvius or down past foramen magnum |
N:Regional Lymph Nodes
An N classification cannot be applied to medulloblastoma.
M: Distant Metastasis
| M | Description |
| M0 | No evidence of metastasis |
| M1 | Microscopic tumor cells presemt in the cerebrospinal fluid |
| M2 | Gross nodular seeding present intracranially beyond the primary site |
| M3 | Gross nodular seeding present in the spinal subarachnoid space |
| M4 | Metastasis present outside the cerebrospinal axis |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Szuwart U, Bennefeld H, Behr H (1989). "Classification of gliomas and medulloblastomas using the new TNM system for cerebral tumors". Neurosurg Rev. 12 (3): 233–8. PMID 2812355.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Radiation Oncology/Medulloblastoma. Wikibooks(2015) https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Medulloblastoma/Staging Accessed on September, 28th 2015/Staging
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 All about medulloblastoma. Wikibooks(2015) https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Radiation_Oncology/Medulloblastoma/Staging Accessed on September, 28th 2015/Staging