Medulloblastoma staging: Difference between revisions
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|style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=center |'''M4''' ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | Metastasis present outside the cerebrospinal axis | |style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=center |'''M4''' ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" align=left | Metastasis present outside the cerebrospinal axis | ||
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==Risk Stratification Criteria== | |||
* Medulloblastoma may be stratified based on the patient age, tumor stage, and the extent of any previous surgical resection into either standard risk group patients or high risk group patients.<ref name="pmid23245832">{{cite journal| author=Bartlett F, Kortmann R, Saran F| title=Medulloblastoma. | journal=Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) | year= 2013 | volume= 25 | issue= 1 | pages= 36-45 | pmid=23245832 | doi=10.1016/j.clon.2012.09.008 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23245832 }} </ref> | |||
* The risk stratification criteria may help predict the treatment protocol that should be used for medulloblastoma patients. | |||
* The table below demonstrates the risk stratification criteria for medulloblastoma patients:<ref name="pmid23245832">{{cite journal| author=Bartlett F, Kortmann R, Saran F| title=Medulloblastoma. | journal=Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) | year= 2013 | volume= 25 | issue= 1 | pages= 36-45 | pmid=23245832 | doi=10.1016/j.clon.2012.09.008 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23245832 }} </ref> | |||
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 150px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Parameters}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 400px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|'''Standard Risk Group'''}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 450px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|'''High Risk Group'''}} | |||
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Age | |||
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:::::Patients older than 3 years of age | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
:::::Patients younger than 3 years of age | |||
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Extent of previous surgical resection | |||
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::::<1.5 cm² residual tumor after resection | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
::Subtotal resection '''or''' >1.5 cm² residual tumor after resection | |||
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Stage according to modified Chang's system | |||
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:::M0 stage confirmed by MRI and CSF sampling | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | |||
:::M1-M3 stage '''or''' presence of leptomeningeal seeding | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:34, 30 September 2015
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Medulloblastoma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case studies |
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Medulloblastoma staging On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Medulloblastoma staging |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Medulloblastoma staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]
Overview
The staging of medulloblastoma is based on the modified Chang's staging system.[1]
Modified Chang's Staging of Medulloblastoma
The staging of medulloblastoma is based on the modified Chang staging system.[1]
T: Primary Tumor
| T | Description |
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed |
| T0 | There is no evidence of primary tumor |
| T1 | Tumor size <3 cm in diameter |
| T2 | Tumor size ≥3 cm in diameter with no evidence of extension |
| T3a | Tumor size >3 cm in diameter with extension into aqueduct of Sylvius or foramen of Luschka |
| T3b | Tumor size >3 cm in diameter with definite spread into the brain stem |
| T4 | Tumor size >3 cm in diameter with extension past aqueduct of Sylvius or down past foramen magnum |
M: Distant Metastasis
| M | Description |
| M0 | No evidence of metastasis |
| M1 | Microscopic tumor cells presemt in the cerebrospinal fluid |
| M2 | Gross nodular seeding present intracranially beyond the primary site |
| M3 | Gross nodular seeding present in the spinal subarachnoid space |
| M4 | Metastasis present outside the cerebrospinal axis |
Risk Stratification Criteria
- Medulloblastoma may be stratified based on the patient age, tumor stage, and the extent of any previous surgical resection into either standard risk group patients or high risk group patients.[2]
- The risk stratification criteria may help predict the treatment protocol that should be used for medulloblastoma patients.
- The table below demonstrates the risk stratification criteria for medulloblastoma patients:[2]
| Parameters | Standard Risk Group | High Risk Group |
|---|---|---|
|
Age |
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|
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Extent of previous surgical resection |
|
|
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Stage according to modified Chang's system |
|
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Harisiadis L, Chang CH (1977). "Medulloblastoma in children: a correlation between staging and results of treatment". Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2 (9–10): 833–41. PMID 597384.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bartlett F, Kortmann R, Saran F (2013). "Medulloblastoma". Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 25 (1): 36–45. doi:10.1016/j.clon.2012.09.008. PMID 23245832.