Bladder cancer pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
* Under normal conditions, the bladder, the lower part of the kidneys (the renal pelvises), the ureters, and the proximal urethra are lined with a specialized mucous membrane referred to as transitional epithelium (also called urothelium). | * Under normal conditions, the bladder, the lower part of the kidneys (the renal pelvises), the ureters, and the proximal urethra are lined with a specialized mucous membrane referred to as transitional epithelium (also called urothelium). | ||
* Most cancers that form in the bladder, the renal pelvises, the ureters, and the proximal urethra are transitional cell carcinomas (also called urothelial carcinomas) that derive from transitional epithelium. | * Most cancers that form in the bladder, the renal pelvises, the ureters, and the proximal urethra are transitional cell carcinomas (also called urothelial carcinomas) that derive from transitional epithelium. | ||
* Urothelial carcinomas may be non-invasive (only in the lining of the bladder) or invasive (growing into other layers of the bladder wall). | |||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
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==Gross Pathology== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
* Non-invasive urothelial carcinoma | |||
* Invasive urothelial carcinoma | |||
==Microscopic Pathology== | ==Microscopic Pathology== | ||
Revision as of 18:40, 1 October 2015
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Bladder cancer Microchapters |
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Bladder cancer pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bladder cancer pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bladder cancer pathophysiology |
Steven C. Campbell, M.D., Ph.D.
Overview
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer include HRAS, Rb1, PTEN/MMAC1, NAT2, and GSTM1.
Pathogenesis
- Under normal conditions, the bladder, the lower part of the kidneys (the renal pelvises), the ureters, and the proximal urethra are lined with a specialized mucous membrane referred to as transitional epithelium (also called urothelium).
- Most cancers that form in the bladder, the renal pelvises, the ureters, and the proximal urethra are transitional cell carcinomas (also called urothelial carcinomas) that derive from transitional epithelium.
- Urothelial carcinomas may be non-invasive (only in the lining of the bladder) or invasive (growing into other layers of the bladder wall).
Genetics
Genetic mutations:
Gross Pathology
- Non-invasive urothelial carcinoma
- Invasive urothelial carcinoma