Sandbox:patho3: Difference between revisions
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==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
* Development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the result of multiple genetic mutations that promote leukemic proliferation and apoptotic resistance of mature B cells.<ref name="pmid25908509">{{cite journal| author=Hallek M| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. | journal=Am J Hematol | year= 2015 | volume= 90 | issue= 5 | pages= 446-60 | pmid=25908509 | doi=10.1002/ajh.23979 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25908509 }} </ref> | * Development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the result of multiple genetic mutations that promote leukemic proliferation and apoptotic resistance of mature B cells.<ref name="pmid25908509">{{cite journal| author=Hallek M| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. | journal=Am J Hematol | year= 2015 | volume= 90 | issue= 5 | pages= 446-60 | pmid=25908509 | doi=10.1002/ajh.23979 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25908509 }} </ref> | ||
* | * Structural genomic aberrations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:<ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October 12, 2015</ref><ref name="pmid25908509">{{cite journal| author=Hallek M| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. | journal=Am J Hematol | year= 2015 | volume= 90 | issue= 5 | pages= 446-60 | pmid=25908509 | doi=10.1002/ajh.23979 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25908509 }} </ref> | ||
:* Chromosome 13q deletion (most common genetic mutation) | :* Chromosome 13q deletion (most common genetic mutation) | ||
:* Chromosome 17p deletion | :* Chromosome 17p deletion | ||
:* Chromosome 11q deletion | :* Chromosome 11q deletion | ||
:* Trisomy 12 | :* Trisomy 12 | ||
* | * Somatic gene mutations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include: | ||
:* NOTCH1 gene located on chromosome 9 | :* NOTCH1 gene located on chromosome 9 | ||
:* MYD88 gene located on chromosome 3 | :* MYD88 gene located on chromosome 3 | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
:* FBXW7 gene located on chromosome 4 | :* FBXW7 gene located on chromosome 4 | ||
:* CHD2 gene located on chromosome 15 | :* CHD2 gene located on chromosome 15 | ||
* Production of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and chemokines | * Production of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and chemokines by the surrounding macrophages and T cells provide important stimuli for malignant B cells proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.<ref name="pmid25908509">{{cite journal| author=Hallek M| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment. | journal=Am J Hematol | year= 2015 | volume= 90 | issue= 5 | pages= 446-60 | pmid=25908509 | doi=10.1002/ajh.23979 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25908509 }} </ref> | ||
Revision as of 17:23, 13 October 2015
Pathogenesis
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia arises from pre-follicular center B cells, that are normally involved in the process of human immunoglobulins production.
- Malignant lymphocytic cells infiltrates hematopoietic sites such as the bone marrow where they interfere with the production of normal blood cells.
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia may also infiltrate the lymph nodes, spleen, and liver.[1]
- Immune deficiency may occur in chronic lymphocytic leukemia as the majority of cases develop hypogammaglobulinemia.[2]
- Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia may develop due to the production of IgA and IgG autoantibodies among certain cases of chronic lymphocytic anemia.
- Richter's transformation may occur among 1-5% of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cases.[1]
- Richter's transformation represents the conversion of chronic lymphocytic leukemia into a more aggressive, rapidly growing large B cell lymphoma.
Genetics
- Development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the result of multiple genetic mutations that promote leukemic proliferation and apoptotic resistance of mature B cells.[3]
- Structural genomic aberrations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:[1][3]
- Chromosome 13q deletion (most common genetic mutation)
- Chromosome 17p deletion
- Chromosome 11q deletion
- Trisomy 12
- Somatic gene mutations involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:
- NOTCH1 gene located on chromosome 9
- MYD88 gene located on chromosome 3
- TP53 gene located on chromosome 7
- ATM gene located on chromosome 11
- SF3B1 gene located on chromosome 2
- FBXW7 gene located on chromosome 4
- CHD2 gene located on chromosome 15
- Production of cytokines, angiogenic factors, and chemokines by the surrounding macrophages and T cells provide important stimuli for malignant B cells proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.[3]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October 12, 2015
- ↑ Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hallek M (2015). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment". Am J Hematol. 90 (5): 446–60. doi:10.1002/ajh.23979. PMID 25908509.