Ovarian germ cell tumor pathophysiology

Ovarian germ cell tumor Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]

Gross Patholgy

Ovarian germ cell tumor subtype	Features on Gross Pathology
Dysgerminoma	External surface is smooth and bosselated (knobby) Cut surface it is soft, fleshy and either cream-coloured, gray, pink or tan
Endodermal sinus tumor or yolk sac tumors	External surface is smooth and glistening Cut surface is cystic with hemorrhage and necrosis
Embryonal Carcinoma	A poorly defined, pale grey tumor with associated haemorrhage and necrosis.
Teratoma	Teratoma-mature Solid or cystic Cystic content may contain greasy material composed of keratin, hair and teeth Teeth may be found in Rokitansky’s protuberance - a well-defined, nipple-like structure covered with hair Teratoma-immature Bulky, solid or cystic with necrosis, hemorrhage
Choriocarcinoma	Soft, tan with with hemorrhage and necrosis http://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/ovarytumorchorio.html

Microscopic Pathology

Ovarian germ cell tumor subtype	Features on Histopathological Microscopic Analysis	Image
Dysgerminomas	Uniform cells that resemble primordial germ cells The stroma contains lymphocytes and about 20% of patients have sarcoid-like granulomas	Micrograph a seminoma, a tumor that is histologically indistinguishable from dysgerminoma.
Endodermal sinus tumor or yolk sac tumors	Schiller-Duval bodies - key feature	Micrograph showing the yolk sac component of a mixed germ cell tumor.
Embryonal carcinoma	Main features: Nuclear atypia Nucleoli prominent Necrosis common Nuclei overlap Other features: Variable architecture: Tubulopapillary Glandular Solid Embryoid bodies - ball of cells in surrounded by empty space on three sides Mitoses common	Embryonal carcinoma
Teratoma		Mature teratoma The sections show ovarian parenchyma with a lesion consisting of benign dermal, gastrointestinal and neural elements The neural elements show focal degenerative changes with macrophages, and giant cells Siderophages are present	Teratoma
Choriocarcinoma