Waldenström's macroglobulinemia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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{{Waldenström's macroglobulinemia}} | {{Waldenström's macroglobulinemia}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MGS}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MGS}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Elevated Beta-2-microglobulin and abnormal coagulation studies are diagnostic of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. <ref name="LAB">Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Medscape (2015)http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207097-workup#c7 Accessed on November 10, 2015</ref> | Elevated Beta-2-microglobulin and abnormal coagulation studies are diagnostic of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. <ref name="LAB">Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Medscape (2015)http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207097-workup#c7 Accessed on November 10, 2015</ref> | ||
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===Complete blood count=== | ===Complete blood count=== | ||
*[[Normocytic normochromic anemia]] | *[[Normocytic normochromic anemia]]: presents in 80% of patients<ref name="LAB">Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Medscape (2015)http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207097-workup#c7 Accessed on November 10, 2015</ref> | ||
*[[Leukopenia]] | *[[Leukopenia]] | ||
*[[Thrombocytopenia]] | *[[Thrombocytopenia]]: presents in 50% of patients with bleeding diathesis | ||
===Peripheral smear=== | ===Peripheral smear=== | ||
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*Total protein levels | *Total protein levels | ||
*[[Albumin-to-globulin ratio]] | *[[Albumin-to-globulin ratio]] | ||
*[[Rheumatoid factor]], [[cryoglobulins]], direct | *[[Rheumatoid factor]], [[cryoglobulins]], direct anti-globulin test, and cold agglutinin titre results can be positive. | ||
*Coaglulation studies can be abnormal with elevated [[prothrombin time]], [[activated partial thromboplastin time]], and [[thrombin time]]. | *Coaglulation studies can be abnormal with elevated [[prothrombin time]], [[activated partial thromboplastin time]], and [[thrombin time]]. | ||
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*The normal Plasma viscosity is 1.8 centipoise. | *The normal Plasma viscosity is 1.8 centipoise. | ||
*Patients start presenting with hyperviscosity symptoms when viscosity >4 centipoise. | *Patients start presenting with hyperviscosity symptoms when viscosity >4 centipoise. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 17:06, 18 November 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]
Overview
Elevated Beta-2-microglobulin and abnormal coagulation studies are diagnostic of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. [1]
Laboratory Findings
Complete blood count
- Normocytic normochromic anemia: presents in 80% of patients[1]
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia: presents in 50% of patients with bleeding diathesis
Peripheral smear
- Plasmacytoid lymphocytes
- Normocytic normochromic red blood cells
- Rouleaux formation
Chemistry lab tests
- Elevated Beta-2-microglobulin in proportion to tumor mass
- Elevated Lactate dehydrogenase
- Elevated Creatinine
- Electrolyte abnormalities:
- Hypercalcemia(4%)
- Elevated Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and uric acid
- Total protein levels
- Albumin-to-globulin ratio
- Rheumatoid factor, cryoglobulins, direct anti-globulin test, and cold agglutinin titre results can be positive.
- Coaglulation studies can be abnormal with elevated prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time.
Plasma viscosity
- Plasma viscosity should be measured in patients presenting with hyperviscosity syndrome whenever the monoclonal IgM protein spike is >4 g/dL.[2]
- The normal Plasma viscosity is 1.8 centipoise.
- Patients start presenting with hyperviscosity symptoms when viscosity >4 centipoise.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Medscape (2015)http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207097-workup#c7 Accessed on November 10, 2015
- ↑ Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. UpToDate (2015)http://www.uptodate.com/contents/epidemiology-pathogenesis-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-waldenstrom-macroglobulinemia?source=machineLearning&search=Waldenström%27s+macroglobulinemia&selectedTitle=1%7E80§ionRank=3&anchor=H29#H18 Accessed on November 10, 2015