Myxoma history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The clinical features of cardiac myxoma are determined by their location, size, and mobility, and there is no | The clinical features of cardiac myxoma are determined by their location, size, and mobility, and there is no hallmark sign or symptom.<ref name="pmid1434856">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tazelaar HD, Locke TJ, McGregor CG |title=Pathology of surgically excised primary cardiac tumors |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=67 |issue=10 |pages=957–65 |year=1992 |pmid=1434856 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Symptoms may occur at any time, but most often they tend to occur with changes in body position. Common symptoms include: [[chest pain]], [[palpitation]], [[dizziness]], [[syncope]] and [[dyspnea on exertion]]. About 20% of cardiac myxomas are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis.<ref name="pmid18350919">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vaideeswar P, Butany JW |title=Benign cardiac tumors of the [[pluripotent]] [[mesenchyme]] |journal=Semin Diagn Pathol |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=20–8 |year=2008 |pmid=18350919 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
Clinical features can be categorized as: <ref> Atrial Myxoma.Radiopedia.http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cardiac-myxoma Accessed on November 20, 2015 </ref> | Clinical features can be categorized as: <ref> Atrial Myxoma.Radiopedia.http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cardiac-myxoma Accessed on November 20, 2015 </ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief:Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3] Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [4]
Overview
The clinical features of cardiac myxoma are determined by their location, size, and mobility, and there is no hallmark sign or symptom.[1] Symptoms may occur at any time, but most often they tend to occur with changes in body position. Common symptoms include: chest pain, palpitation, dizziness, syncope and dyspnea on exertion. About 20% of cardiac myxomas are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis.[2]
Clinical features can be categorized as: [3]
Valvular obstruction
- Left sided: dyspnea, orthopnea, pulmonary edema
- Right sided: symptoms of right heart failure
Embolic event
- Distribution will depend on location of tumor
- Most are left sided, and therefore most are systemic (brain or extremities)
Constitutional symptoms
- Weight loss, fatigue, weakness
- May resemble infective endocarditis (fever, arthralgia, lethargy)
History
Symptoms associated with cardiac myxomas are typically due to the effect of the mass of the tumor obstructing the normal blood flow within the heart chambers. Left atrial myxoma symptoms may mimic mitral stenosis, while right atrial myxomas rarely produce symptoms until they have grown to be at least 13 cm wide. [4] General symptoms may also mimic those of infective endocarditis.[5]
Common Symptoms
Symptoms may occur at any time, but most often they accompany a change of body position. Symptoms may include:[6]
- Shortness of breath with activity
- Platypnea - Difficulty breathing in the upright position with relief in the supine position
- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - Breathing difficulty when asleep
- Dizziness
- Fainting
- Palpitations - Sensation of feeling your heart beat
- Chest pain or tightness
- Sudden Death (In which case the disease is an autopsy finding)
The symptoms and signs of left atrial myxomas often mimic mitral stenosis. General symptoms may also be present, such as:
- Cough
- Fever
- Cachexia - Involuntary weight loss
- Malaise
- Joint pain
- Blue discoloration of the skin, especially the fingers (Raynaud's phenomenon)
- Fingers that change color upon pressure or with cold or stress
- Clubbing - Curvature of nails accompanied with soft tissue enlargement of the fingers
- Swelling - any part of the body
- Presystolic heart murmur
References
- ↑ Tazelaar HD, Locke TJ, McGregor CG (1992). "Pathology of surgically excised primary cardiac tumors". Mayo Clin. Proc. 67 (10): 957–65. PMID 1434856.
- ↑ Vaideeswar P, Butany JW (2008). "Benign cardiac tumors of the pluripotent mesenchyme". Semin Diagn Pathol. 25 (1): 20–8. PMID 18350919.
- ↑ Atrial Myxoma.Radiopedia.http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cardiac-myxoma Accessed on November 20, 2015
- ↑ Ramchandani M (2010). "Less invasive surgery for cardiac tumors". Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 6 (3): 27–31. PMID 20834208.
- ↑ Atrial myxoma. Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_myxoma Accessed November 13, 2015
- ↑ Atrial myxoma - symptomps. Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_myxoma Accessed November 13, 2015