Sandbox: table diagnosis myxoa: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 100px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Imaging Technique}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 100px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Imaging Technique}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Features}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Description}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Description}} | ||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Advantages}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Advantages}} | ||
Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas. | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|*Hyperechogenic lesions with a well-defined stalk *Protrude into the ventricles is common. | *Echocardiography is usually the initial modality used for identification and evaluation of cardiac myxomas. | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|*Real-time imaging | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|*Limited views of the mediastinum and cannot be used to evaluate extracardiac manifestations of disease.<ref name="pmid1943240">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reeder GS, Khandheria BK, Seward JB, Tajik AJ |title=Transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac masses |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=66 |issue=11 |pages=1101–9 |year=1991 |pmid=1943240 |doi= |url=}}</ref> TEE is an invasive imaging technique. * TT is limited by the imaging window, which can vary with the patient and operator experience. | *Hyperechogenic lesions with a well-defined stalk | ||
*Protrude into the ventricles is common. | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Real-time imaging | |||
*Tumor mobility and distensibility | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Limited views of the mediastinum and cannot be used to evaluate extracardiac manifestations of disease.<ref name="pmid1943240">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reeder GS, Khandheria BK, Seward JB, Tajik AJ |title=Transesophageal echocardiography and cardiac masses |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=66 |issue=11 |pages=1101–9 |year=1991 |pmid=1943240 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*TEE is an invasive imaging technique. | |||
*TT is limited by the imaging window, which can vary with the patient and operator experience. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|MRI | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|MRI | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Evaluation of cardiac masses and is of greatest value when echocardiographic findings are suboptimal or when the lesion has an atypical location or appearance. | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Cardiac myxomas appear spherical or ovoid with lobular contours, irregular in shape. | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
T1: | *Cardiac myxomas appear spherical or ovoid with lobular contours, irregular in shape. | ||
*'''T1''' : Low to intermediate signal, but areas of hemorrhage may be high. | |||
T1 C+ (Gd): shows enhancement (important discriminator from a thrombus) demonstrates uniform heterogeneous enhancement. | *'''T1 C+ (Gd)''': shows enhancement (important discriminator from a thrombus) demonstrates uniform heterogeneous enhancement. | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| MRI allows imaging in multiple planes and can provide some functional information such as flow direction and flow velocity in large vessels | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| MRI allows imaging in multiple planes and can provide some functional information such as flow direction and flow velocity in large vessels | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
*Cannot show calcification *High susceptibility to motion artifact. | |||
*Dependent on regular electrocardiographic rhythms and cardiac gating. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|CT | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|CT | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|CT can be used to accurately image the heart and surrounding mediastinum | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|CT can be used to accurately image the heart and surrounding mediastinum | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Intracardiac heterogeneously low attenuating mass | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
*Intracardiac heterogeneously low attenuating mass | |||
*The attenuation is usually lower than that of myocardium | |||
*Calcification is common | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|CT provides better soft-tissue contrast | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|CT provides better soft-tissue contrast | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| There is no real-time true imaging with CT and imaging planes are limited to those allowed by angulation of the gantry. There is no evaluation of small moving structures, such as the cardiac valves. | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|There is no real-time true imaging with CT and imaging planes are limited to those allowed by angulation of the gantry. There is no evaluation of small moving structures, such as the cardiac valves. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Angiography | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Angiography | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Coronary angiography may be helpful to detect vascular supply of the tumor by the coronary arteries | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Coronary angiography may be helpful to detect vascular supply of the tumor by the coronary arteries | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Angiography can detect the concomitant coronary disease and the unique vascular appearances of cardiac myxoma | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| Invasive imaging technique | *Angiography can detect the concomitant coronary disease and the unique vascular appearances of cardiac myxoma | ||
*Helpful for surgical evaluation | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Invasive imaging technique | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Chest x-ray | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align=center|Chest x-ray | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Chest x-ray has no particular findings associated with cardiac myxoma | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Chest x-ray has no particular findings associated with cardiac myxoma | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Results can be normal | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center|Results can be normal | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| Low cost | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| Does not provide a diagnosis | *Low cost | ||
*May be helpful, if calcifications present | |||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align=center| | |||
*Does not provide a diagnosis | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 18:43, 25 November 2015
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate Cardiac Myxoma from other conditions that cause Emboli and hemorrhage:
Imaging Technique | Features | Description | Advantages | Limitations |
---|---|---|---|---|
Two- or three-dimensional echocardiography |
|
|
|
|
MRI | Evaluation of cardiac masses and is of greatest value when echocardiographic findings are suboptimal or when the lesion has an atypical location or appearance. |
|
MRI allows imaging in multiple planes and can provide some functional information such as flow direction and flow velocity in large vessels |
|
CT | CT can be used to accurately image the heart and surrounding mediastinum |
|
CT provides better soft-tissue contrast | There is no real-time true imaging with CT and imaging planes are limited to those allowed by angulation of the gantry. There is no evaluation of small moving structures, such as the cardiac valves. |
Angiography | Coronary angiography may be helpful to detect vascular supply of the tumor by the coronary arteries | The angiographic findings of cardiac myxoma demonstrate feeding vessels, contrast medium poolings, and clusters of tortuous vessels that correspond to tumor vasculature |
|
|
Chest x-ray | Chest x-ray has no particular findings associated with cardiac myxoma | Results can be normal |
|
|