Sacrococcygeal teratoma classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery Section System classifies Sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor | American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery Section System classifies Sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor. <ref name = "class">Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.</ref><ref name = "cs">Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.</ref> | ||
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'''Stage I''' | |||
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*Predominantly exterior; with minimal pelvic involvement | |||
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'''Stage II''' | |||
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*Predominantly external; with significant intrapelvic growth giving "hour-glass" appearance | |||
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'''Stage III''' | |||
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*Predominantly internal; withh intra-abdominal involvement | |||
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'''Stage IV''' | |||
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*Entirely pre-sacral; without external growth | |||
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==Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma== | ==Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]
Overview
Sacrococcygeal teratoma is classified into four different categories according to American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery classification based upon the anatomical location of the tumor.[1][2] Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.[3]
Classification
American Academy of Pediatrics Surgery Section System classifies Sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor. [1][2]
| Stage | Features |
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Stage I |
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Stage II |
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Stage III |
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Stage IV |
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Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
- I - Complete resection; negative tumor margins[3]
- II - Microscopic residuals; lymph node negative
- III - Lymph node involvement; Gross residual on biopsy; retroperitoneal node may be positive or negative
- IV - Distant metastasis may involve liver
Grade
According to Gonzalez-Crussi System, Sacrococcygeal teratoma is graded on a scale from 0-3, based on the histology:[2][4]
- Grade 0-Tumour contains only mature tissue.
- Grade 1-Tumour contains rare foci of immature tissues; <10%>
- Grade 2-Tumour contains moderate quantities of immature tissues.(10-50%)
- Grade 3-Tumour contains large quantities of immature tissue with or without malignant yolk sac elements.(>50%)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
- ↑ Harms D, Zahn S, Göbel U, Schneider DT (2006). "Pathology and molecular biology of teratomas in childhood and adolescence". Klin Padiatr. 218 (6): 296–302. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942271. PMID 17080330.