Chondroma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Enchondroma arises from rests of growth plate [[cartilage]] or [[chondrocytes]] that are normally involved in the production and maintainence of the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of [[collagen]] and [[proteoglycans]].<ref name=op>Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref><ref>Chondrocytes. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrocyte. Accessed on December 16, 2015. </ref> Juxta-cortical chondromas (also known as periosteal chondromas) arise from the [[periosteum]] of tubular bones.<ref>Juxta-cortical chondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/juxta-cortical-chondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref> On microscopic histopathological analysis, [[avascular]] lobules of [[hyaline cartilage]]nous matrix interspersed with [[chondrocytes]], separated by normal [[marrow]] are characteristic findings of chondromas.<ref name="pmid22991614">{{cite journal| author=Shariat Torbaghan S, Ashouri M, Jalayer Naderi N, Baherini N| title=Histopathologic Differentiation between Enchondroma and Well-differentiated Chondrosarcoma: Evaluating the Efficacy of Diagnostic Histologic Structures. | journal=J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 98-101 | pmid=22991614 | doi=10.5681/joddd.2011.022 | pmc=PMC3442455 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22991614 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18074822">{{cite journal| author=Semenova LA, Bulycheva IV| title=[Chondromas (enchondroma, periosteal chondroma, enchondromatosis)]. | journal=Arkh Patol | year= 2007 | volume= 69 | issue= 5 | pages= 45-8 | pmid=18074822 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18074822 }} </ref> On [[gross pathology]], small (usually less than 3 cm), [[translucent]], grey blue, [[nodular]] lesions with occasional [[calcification]]s are characteristic findings of chondromas.<ref name=op>Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref> Genes involved in the pathogenesis of enchondroma and periosteal chondromas may include [[isocitrate dehydrogenase]] 1 (''IDH1'') and ''IDH2''.<ref name="pmid21598255">{{cite journal| author=Amary MF, Bacsi K, Maggiani F, Damato S, Halai D, Berisha F et al.| title=IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are frequent events in central chondrosarcoma and central and periosteal chondromas but not in other mesenchymal tumours. | journal=J Pathol | year= 2011 | volume= 224 | issue= 3 | pages= 334-43 | pmid=21598255 | doi=10.1002/path.2913 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21598255 }} </ref> | Enchondroma arises from rests of growth plate [[cartilage]] or [[chondrocytes]] that are normally involved in the production and maintainence of the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of [[collagen]] and [[proteoglycans]].<ref name=op>Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref><ref name=oc>Chondrocytes. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrocyte. Accessed on December 16, 2015. </ref> Juxta-cortical chondromas (also known as periosteal chondromas) arise from the [[periosteum]] of tubular bones.<ref>Juxta-cortical chondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/juxta-cortical-chondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref> On microscopic histopathological analysis, [[avascular]] lobules of [[hyaline cartilage]]nous matrix interspersed with [[chondrocytes]], separated by normal [[marrow]] are characteristic findings of chondromas.<ref name="pmid22991614">{{cite journal| author=Shariat Torbaghan S, Ashouri M, Jalayer Naderi N, Baherini N| title=Histopathologic Differentiation between Enchondroma and Well-differentiated Chondrosarcoma: Evaluating the Efficacy of Diagnostic Histologic Structures. | journal=J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 98-101 | pmid=22991614 | doi=10.5681/joddd.2011.022 | pmc=PMC3442455 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22991614 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18074822">{{cite journal| author=Semenova LA, Bulycheva IV| title=[Chondromas (enchondroma, periosteal chondroma, enchondromatosis)]. | journal=Arkh Patol | year= 2007 | volume= 69 | issue= 5 | pages= 45-8 | pmid=18074822 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18074822 }} </ref> On [[gross pathology]], small (usually less than 3 cm), [[translucent]], grey blue, [[nodular]] lesions with occasional [[calcification]]s are characteristic findings of chondromas.<ref name=op>Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref> Genes involved in the pathogenesis of enchondroma and periosteal chondromas may include [[isocitrate dehydrogenase]] 1 (''IDH1'') and ''IDH2''.<ref name="pmid21598255">{{cite journal| author=Amary MF, Bacsi K, Maggiani F, Damato S, Halai D, Berisha F et al.| title=IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are frequent events in central chondrosarcoma and central and periosteal chondromas but not in other mesenchymal tumours. | journal=J Pathol | year= 2011 | volume= 224 | issue= 3 | pages= 334-43 | pmid=21598255 | doi=10.1002/path.2913 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21598255 }} </ref> | ||
==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
*Enchondromas arise from rests of growth plate [[cartilage]] or [[chondrocytes]] that are normally involved in the production and maintainence of the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of [[collagen]] and [[proteoglycans]].<ref name=op>Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref><ref>Chondrocytes. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrocyte. Accessed on December 16, 2015. </ref> | *Enchondromas arise from rests of growth plate [[cartilage]] or [[chondrocytes]] that are normally involved in the production and maintainence of the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of [[collagen]] and [[proteoglycans]].<ref name=op>Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref><ref name=oc>Chondrocytes. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrocyte. Accessed on December 16, 2015. </ref> | ||
*Juxta-cortical chondromas (also known as periosteal chondromas) arise from the [[periosteum]] of tubular bones .<ref>Juxta-cortical chondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/juxta-cortical-chondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref> | *Juxta-cortical chondromas (also known as periosteal chondromas) arise from the [[periosteum]] of tubular bones .<ref>Juxta-cortical chondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/juxta-cortical-chondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref> | ||
Revision as of 20:50, 4 January 2016
|
Chondroma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Chondroma pathophysiology On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chondroma pathophysiology |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Chondroma pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]
Overview
Enchondroma arises from rests of growth plate cartilage or chondrocytes that are normally involved in the production and maintainence of the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans.[1][2] Juxta-cortical chondromas (also known as periosteal chondromas) arise from the periosteum of tubular bones.[3] On microscopic histopathological analysis, avascular lobules of hyaline cartilagenous matrix interspersed with chondrocytes, separated by normal marrow are characteristic findings of chondromas.[4][5] On gross pathology, small (usually less than 3 cm), translucent, grey blue, nodular lesions with occasional calcifications are characteristic findings of chondromas.[1] Genes involved in the pathogenesis of enchondroma and periosteal chondromas may include isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2.[6]
Pathogenesis
- Enchondromas arise from rests of growth plate cartilage or chondrocytes that are normally involved in the production and maintainence of the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans.[1][2]
- Juxta-cortical chondromas (also known as periosteal chondromas) arise from the periosteum of tubular bones .[7]
Genetics
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of enchondroma and periosteal chondromas may include isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2.[6]
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, small (usually less than 3 cm), translucent, grey blue, nodular lesions with occasional calcifications are characteristic findings of chondromas.[1][8]
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, avascular, fibrous lobules of hyaline cartilagenous matrix, interspersed with chondrocytes and separated by normal marrow are characteristic findings of chondromas. In malignant chondrosarcomas, the fibrous capsule, is irregular, with extensions into the surrounding tissues and may be used in differentiating it from the benign chondroma.[4][5]
-
![The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.[9]](/images/8/88/Enchondroma_intermed_mag.jpg)
The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.[9]
-
The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.[10]
![The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.[9]](/index.php/File:Enchondroma_intermed_mag.jpg)
![The sections show spaced small cells in a pale matrix with a light-blue tinge. No nuclear atypia is appreciated. No mitotic activity is apparent. Degenerative changes are seen focally.[10]](/index.php?title=Special:Upload&wpDestFile=Enchondroma_very_high_mag.jpg){kind=link}
Associated conditions
Enchondromas may be single or multiple. Multiple enchondromas are associated with the following:
| Associated disease | Findings | Occurance |
|---|---|---|
|
Maffucci syndrome |
|
Sporadic |
|
Ollier disease |
|
Sporadic |
|
Metachondromatosis |
|
Genetic (Autosomal dominant) |
Video
{{#ev:youtube|FLqr7Ld5-qc}}
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Enchondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/enchondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Chondrocytes. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrocyte. Accessed on December 16, 2015.
- ↑ Juxta-cortical chondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/juxta-cortical-chondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Shariat Torbaghan S, Ashouri M, Jalayer Naderi N, Baherini N (2011). "Histopathologic Differentiation between Enchondroma and Well-differentiated Chondrosarcoma: Evaluating the Efficacy of Diagnostic Histologic Structures". J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 5 (3): 98–101. doi:10.5681/joddd.2011.022. PMC 3442455. PMID 22991614.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Semenova LA, Bulycheva IV (2007). "[Chondromas (enchondroma, periosteal chondroma, enchondromatosis)]". Arkh Patol. 69 (5): 45–8. PMID 18074822.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Amary MF, Bacsi K, Maggiani F, Damato S, Halai D, Berisha F; et al. (2011). "IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are frequent events in central chondrosarcoma and central and periosteal chondromas but not in other mesenchymal tumours". J Pathol. 224 (3): 334–43. doi:10.1002/path.2913. PMID 21598255.
- ↑ Juxta-cortical chondroma. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/juxta-cortical-chondroma Accessed on December 15, 2015
- ↑ Periosteal and soft tissue chondromas. American Academy Of Orthopedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00677 Accessed on December 16, 2015.
- ↑ Chondroma. LibrePathology. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Enchondroma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Accessed on December 16, 2015
- ↑ Chondroma. LibrePathology. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Enchondroma_-_very_high_mag.jpg Accessed on December 16, 2015
