Glomus tumor pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus). Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation. On microscopic histopathological analysis, branching vascular channels and aggregates of specialised glomus cells are characteristic findings of glomus tumor. | Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus). Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> Gene involved in the pathogenesis of familial glomangioma is [[''glomulin'']] ([[''GLMN'']]) gene.<ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860 }} </ref> *On gross pathology, small (usually less than 1 cm), bluish or whitish, well circumscribed, solitary nodules are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> On microscopic histopathological analysis, branching vascular channels and aggregates of specialised glomus cells are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.<ref name=pm>Glomus tumor. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/glomangioma Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
*Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus).<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> | |||
*Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation. | |||
==Genetics== | |||
*Familial glomangioma is a variant of glomus tumor where the patient presents with multiple glomus tumors.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860 }} </ref> | |||
*Gene involved in the pathogenesis of familial glomangioma is [[''glomulin'']] ([[''GLMN'']]) gene.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860 }} </ref> | |||
**Mutations are associated with multiple deletions in the glomulin gene of chromosome 1p21-22.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860 }} </ref> | |||
**Inheritance is autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> <ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860 }} </ref> | |||
==Gross Pathology== | |||
*On gross pathology, small (usually less than 1 cm), bluish or whitish, well circumscribed, solitary nodules are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.<ref name=rs>Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> | |||
*Multiple glomus tumors are usually less circumscribed and less solid than the solitary glomus tumors.<ref name="pmid18788860">{{cite journal| author=Gombos Z, Zhang PJ| title=Glomus tumor. | journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med | year= 2008 | volume= 132 | issue= 9 | pages= 1448-52 | pmid=18788860 | doi=10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18788860 }} </ref> | |||
==Microscopic Findings== | |||
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of glomus tumor include:<ref name=pm>Glomus tumor. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/glomangioma Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> | |||
**Branching vascular channels | |||
**Aggregates of specialised glomus cells | |||
**Inconspicuous to well-defined nucleoli | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Image:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg|Intermediate magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.<ref name=op>Glomus tumor. Wikimedia commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glomus_tumour_-_very_high_mag.jpg#/media/File:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> | Image:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg|Intermediate magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.<ref name=op>Glomus tumor. Wikimedia commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glomus_tumour_-_very_high_mag.jpg#/media/File:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg Accessed on January 7, 2016.</ref> | ||
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</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 20:19, 7 January 2016
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Glomus tumor Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Glomus tumor pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Glomus tumor pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Glomus tumor pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2]
Overview
Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus). Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation.[1] Gene involved in the pathogenesis of familial glomangioma is ''glomulin'' (''GLMN'') gene.[2] *On gross pathology, small (usually less than 1 cm), bluish or whitish, well circumscribed, solitary nodules are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.[1] On microscopic histopathological analysis, branching vascular channels and aggregates of specialised glomus cells are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.[3]
Pathophysiology
- Glomus tumor arises from modified smooth muscle cells of glomus body (or glomus apparatus).[1]
- Glomus body is a neuromyoarterial plexus in the dermis of skin that is normally involved in thermoregulation.
Genetics
- Familial glomangioma is a variant of glomus tumor where the patient presents with multiple glomus tumors.[1] [2]
- Gene involved in the pathogenesis of familial glomangioma is ''glomulin'' (''GLMN'') gene.[1] [2]
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, small (usually less than 1 cm), bluish or whitish, well circumscribed, solitary nodules are characteristic findings of glomus tumor.[1]
- Multiple glomus tumors are usually less circumscribed and less solid than the solitary glomus tumors.[2]
Microscopic Findings
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, characteristic findings of glomus tumor include:[3]
- Branching vascular channels
- Aggregates of specialised glomus cells
- Inconspicuous to well-defined nucleoli
-
![Intermediate magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]](/images/3/39/Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg)
Intermediate magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]
-
![High magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]](/images/d/d8/1200px-Glomus_tumour_-_high_mag.jpg)
High magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]
-
![Very high magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]](/images/4/48/1200px-Glomus_tumour_-_2_-_very_high_mag.jpg)
Very high magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]
![Intermediate magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]](/index.php/File:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg)
![High magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]](/index.php/File:1200px-Glomus_tumour_-_high_mag.jpg)
![Very high magnification micrograph of a glomus tumor. H&E stain.[4]](/index.php/File:1200px-Glomus_tumour_-_2_-_very_high_mag.jpg)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Glomus tumor. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomus_tumor Accessed on January 7, 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Gombos Z, Zhang PJ (2008). "Glomus tumor". Arch Pathol Lab Med. 132 (9): 1448–52. doi:10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[1448:GT]2.0.CO;2. PMID 18788860.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Glomus tumor. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/glomangioma Accessed on January 7, 2016.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Glomus tumor. Wikimedia commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glomus_tumour_-_very_high_mag.jpg#/media/File:Glomus_tumour_-_intermed_mag.jpg Accessed on January 7, 2016.
