Paracoccidioidomycosis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Associated Conditions== | ==Associated Conditions== | ||
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a opportunistic disease in Latin America. Associated conditions are: | Paracoccidioidomycosis is a opportunistic disease in Latin America. Associated conditions are: | ||
*HIV/AIDS: Endemic areas of ''Paracoccidioides spp''. in Brazil have the majority of HIV/AIDS patients.<ref name=?>Brummer E, Castaneda E, Restrepo A. Paracoccidioidomycosis: An Update. 'Clin. Microbiol. Rev''.1993;Vol 6(2):89-117</ref> Nevertheless, the incidence of HIV/AIDS and paracoccidioidomycosis is minimum, this may be because the prophylaxis (trimetropin-sulfamethoxazole) used for ''Pneumocystis jiroveci'' is the one of the possible treatments for | *HIV/AIDS: Endemic areas of ''Paracoccidioides spp''. in Brazil have the majority of HIV/AIDS patients.<ref name=?>Brummer E, Castaneda E, Restrepo A. Paracoccidioidomycosis: An Update. 'Clin. Microbiol. Rev''.1993;Vol 6(2):89-117</ref> Nevertheless, the incidence of HIV/AIDS and paracoccidioidomycosis is minimum, this may be because the prophylaxis (trimetropin-sulfamethoxazole) used for ''Pneumocystis jiroveci'' is the one of the possible treatments for paracoccidioidomycosis. <ref name=?>Amoroso A. A Man With Newly Diagnosed HIV/AIDS With Unusual Severe Opportunistic Infection and No AIDS-Defining Disease. ''CID''. 2014;58:1484-1485</ref> | ||
*Cancer - chemotherapy | *Cancer - chemotherapy | ||
*Transplants | *Transplants | ||
Revision as of 16:47, 14 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Danitza Lukac
Overview
Pathogenesis
- Spores of Paracoccidioides spp. are transmitted via the respiratory route to the human host.
- Following transmission, Paracoccidiodes spp. conidia and mycelial particles invade the terminal brochioles and alveoli and convert into yeast cell [1]
- "The infection can spread to other tissues via lymphatic and hematic" routes. [1]
- "The fungi developed mechanisms (such as adhesion to host cells), to avoid entrapment within mucus and their elimination by mucigen cilliary cells" [2]
- "Their effective adherence contributes to higher speed invasion of host cells, allowing for evasion of the immune system" [2]
Associated Conditions
Paracoccidioidomycosis is a opportunistic disease in Latin America. Associated conditions are:
- HIV/AIDS: Endemic areas of Paracoccidioides spp. in Brazil have the majority of HIV/AIDS patients.[3] Nevertheless, the incidence of HIV/AIDS and paracoccidioidomycosis is minimum, this may be because the prophylaxis (trimetropin-sulfamethoxazole) used for Pneumocystis jiroveci is the one of the possible treatments for paracoccidioidomycosis. [3]
- Cancer - chemotherapy
- Transplants
Gross Pathology
Microscopic Pathology
In biopsies, the fungus appears as a polygemulating yeast with a pilot's wheel-like appearance. [4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Fortes MR, Miot HA, Kurokawa CS, Marques ME, Marques SA (2011). "Immunology of paracoccidioidomycosis". An Bras Dermatol. 86 (3): 516–24. PMID 21738969.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 de Oliveira HC, Assato PA, Marcos CM, Scorzoni L, de Paula E Silva AC, Da Silva Jde F; et al. (2015). "Paracoccidioides-host Interaction: An Overview on Recent Advances in the Paracoccidioidomycosis". Front Microbiol. 6: 1319. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01319. PMC 4658449. PMID 26635779.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Brummer E, Castaneda E, Restrepo A. Paracoccidioidomycosis: An Update. 'Clin. Microbiol. Rev.1993;Vol 6(2):89-117
- ↑ Paracoccidioidomycosis. Wikipedia.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracoccidioidomycosis. Accessed on January 12, 2015