Langerhans cell histiocytosis laboratory tests

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis include abnormal complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), basic metabolic panel, and immunohistochemistry.

Laboratory Findings

Complete Blood Count

• Anemia
• Thrombocytopenia
• Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
• Elevated CRP

Basic Metabolic Panel

• Elevated bilirubin concentration
• Abnormal liver enzymes
• Elevated alkaline phosphatase

Urinalysis

• Low urine specific gravity (1.008)
• Low specific gravity persisted during a water deprivation test
• Urine osmolality and urine specific gravity normalize following desmopressin administration

Immunohistochemistry

• On immunohistochemistry Langerhans cell histiocytosis is characterized by:

• CD1a +ve
• S100 +ve
• CD207 (langerin) +ve

References

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