Donovanosis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
Donovanosis was first called "[[serpiginous]] [[ulcer]]" in 1882. Charles Donovan first identified the cause of these genital lesions in 1905, which he called "Donovan bodies," since the [[etiologic]] agent was unknown. Aragão & Vianna classified the agent as ''Calymmatobacterium granulomatis'' in 1913. However, sequencing analysis by Carter et al. revealed the agent to be ''[[Klebsiella granulomatis]]''. | Donovanosis was first called "[[serpiginous]] [[ulcer]]" in 1882. Charles Donovan first identified the cause of these genital lesions in 1905, which he called "Donovan bodies," since the [[etiologic]] agent was unknown. Aragão & Vianna classified the agent as ''Calymmatobacterium granulomatis'' in 1913. However, sequencing analysis by Carter et al. revealed the agent to be ''[[Klebsiella granulomatis]]''. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The causative organism, ''[[Klebsiella]] granulomatis'', used to be called ''Calymmatobacterium granulomatis'', from the Greek ''kalymma'' (a hood or veil), referring to the lesions that contain the bacteria. Prior to this it was called ''Donovania granulomatis'', named after the Donovan Bodies.<ref>Murray P. et al. (2005), ''Medical Microbiology, fifth ed.'', Elsevier Mosby, p. 336.</ref> The species name ''granulomatis'' refers to the granulomatous lesions. The organism was recently reclassified under the genus ''Klebsiella'', a drastic taxonomic change, since it involved changing the organism's [[phylum]]. | The causative organism, ''[[Klebsiella]] granulomatis'', used to be called ''Calymmatobacterium granulomatis'', from the Greek ''kalymma'' (a hood or veil), referring to the lesions that contain the bacteria. Prior to this it was called ''Donovania granulomatis'', named after the Donovan Bodies.<ref>Murray P. et al. (2005), ''Medical Microbiology, fifth ed.'', Elsevier Mosby, p. 336.</ref> The species name ''granulomatis'' refers to the granulomatous lesions. The organism was recently reclassified under the genus ''Klebsiella'', a drastic taxonomic change, since it involved changing the organism's [[phylum]]. | ||
==Classification== | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
Donovanosis is [[endemic]] in developing countries and mostly affects 20-40 years old men. | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===History and Symptoms=== | |||
===Physical Examination=== | ===Physical Examination=== | ||
Clinically, the disease is commonly characterized as painless, progressive ulcerative lesions without regional [[lymphadenopathy]]. | |||
===Laboratory Findings=== | |||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
===Medical Therapy=== | |||
===Prevention=== | ===Prevention=== | ||
Avoiding all sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease such as donovanosis. However, safer sex behaviors may reduce your risk. | Avoiding all sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease such as donovanosis. However, safer sex behaviors may reduce your risk. | ||
Revision as of 15:54, 29 February 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Donovanosis is a sexually transmitted disease that has reached endemic proportions in many underdeveloped regions. Because of the scarcity of medical treatment, the disease often goes untreated. The disease is characterized by painless genital ulcers which can be mistaken for syphilis.[1] However, they ultimately progress to destruction of internal and external tissue, with leakage of mucus and blood. The destructive nature of donovanosis also increases the risk ofsuperinfection by other pathogenic microbes.
Historical Perspective
Donovanosis was first called "serpiginous ulcer" in 1882. Charles Donovan first identified the cause of these genital lesions in 1905, which he called "Donovan bodies," since the etiologic agent was unknown. Aragão & Vianna classified the agent as Calymmatobacterium granulomatis in 1913. However, sequencing analysis by Carter et al. revealed the agent to be Klebsiella granulomatis.
Pathophysiology
Causes
The causative organism, Klebsiella granulomatis, used to be called Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, from the Greek kalymma (a hood or veil), referring to the lesions that contain the bacteria. Prior to this it was called Donovania granulomatis, named after the Donovan Bodies.[2] The species name granulomatis refers to the granulomatous lesions. The organism was recently reclassified under the genus Klebsiella, a drastic taxonomic change, since it involved changing the organism's phylum.
Classification
Differential Diagnosis
Epidemiology and Demographics
Donovanosis is endemic in developing countries and mostly affects 20-40 years old men.
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Clinically, the disease is commonly characterized as painless, progressive ulcerative lesions without regional lymphadenopathy.
Laboratory Findings
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Prevention
Avoiding all sexual activity is the only absolute way to prevent a sexually transmitted disease such as donovanosis. However, safer sex behaviors may reduce your risk.
The proper use of condoms, either the male or female type, greatly decreases the risk of catching a sexually transmitted disease. You need to wear the condom from the beginning to the end of each sexual activity.