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| *Multiple choroidal tubercles- small grayish nodules located on the posterior pole of the eye | | *Multiple choroidal tubercles- small grayish nodules located on the posterior pole of the eye |
| *Yellow necrotizing granulomas<ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>|- | | *Yellow necrotizing granulomas<ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>|- |
| | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Visual acuity
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |
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| *Macular lesions
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| *Defective cone cell function
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| *Loss of central acuity
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| |- | | |- |
| | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Fungal | | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |Fungal |
Revision as of 15:15, 18 April 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Genetic
| Classification
|
Clinical Manifestations
|
| Nyctalopia
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- Occurs early on during the clinical course of Retinitis Pigmentosa.
- Night blindness occurs due to the loss of rod function.
- Nyctalopia can be an indicator of the eventually clinical severity of the complications associated with retinitis.
- Early onset of severe complications typically indicates more severe complications later on during the clinical course.
|
| Fundus
|
- Defective rod cell response, although fundus appears normal
- Arteriolar narrowing
- Intraretinal pigmentation
- Loss of pigment in pigment epithelium
- Intraretinal clumping due to the accumulation of melanin
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| Visual acuity
|
- Macular lesions
- Defective cone cell function
- Loss of central acuity
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| Sector RP
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- Changes may be observed in specific halves or quadrants of the fundus
- Less severe defects in the visual field
- Sectorial disease with the long term potential of widespread disease
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| Retinitis Pigmentosa and Pregnancy
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- Women previously diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa may report an overall decrease in vision during pregnancy.
|
Infectious Agents
| Infectious Agent
|
Clinical Manifestations
|
| Cytomegalovirus
|
- Physical evidence of a cytomegalovirus presence in one of both eyes will generally clinical present in the form of lesions, adjacent retinal vessels.
- These lesions may impinge upon the fovea and the optic nerve. Furthermore they are usually discovered in close proximity to both.
- Further extending legions may be present in close proximity to the vortex veins as well as the ora serrata.[1]
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| Tuberculosis
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- Caseating granulomas
- Multiple choroidal tubercles- small grayish nodules located on the posterior pole of the eye
- Yellow necrotizing granulomas[1]|-
|
| Fungal
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Candida albicans
- Visibly hazy vitreous
- White circumscribed lesions[1]
Aspergillus fumigatus
- Yellow subretinal infiltrates
- Retinal infiltrates
- Fungal hyphae are located throughout the eye - suggestive of pulmonary involvement[1]
Cryptococcus neoformans
- Yellowish-white lesions located on the fundus of the eye
- Mutton-fat keratic precipitates[1]
|
| Toxoplasmosis
|
- Localized areas of infiltrate
- Active lesions are adjacent to initial scarring[1]
|
| Syphilis
|
- Hemorrhagic areas
- Flare visible in anterior and posterior portions[1]
|
References