Hereditary elliptocytosis physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{Hereditary elliptocytosis}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}


* {{CMG}} {{AE}}
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==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
=== Appearance of the Patient ===
* Patients are usually well-appearing in the absence of severe anemia.
* Patient appears ill in the state of septicemia.
=== Vital Signs ===
* may have [[Tachycardia]], depends on the severity of the anemia.
* may have [[Tachypnea]] depends on severity of the anemia.
* Patients may have weak pulse
=== Skin ===
* [[Jaundice]]
** Secondary to [[Anemia|hemolysis]]
* [[Pallor]]
** Secondary to [[anemia]]
=== HEENT ===
* may have signs of meningitis due to meningococcal infection following splenectomy : neck stiffness (redor) ,fever, headache
* Evidence of trauma
* Pale conjunctiva
* [[Scleral icterus]]
=== Neck ===
No specific sign.
=== Lungs ===
* commonly normal lung sounds.
* May present crackle due to pneumococcal or Haemophilus influenza pneumonia , following splenectomy.
=== Heart ===
* commonly normal heart sounds
=== Abdomen ===
* [[Splenomegaly]] : the spleen can be palpable.
* [[Abdominal tenderness]] or fullness in the left upper quadrant following splenomegaly.
* [[Abdominal tenderness]] in the right upper quadrant due to biliary colic.
* [[Murphy's sign]] that may suggest cholecystitis.
=== Extremities ===
* Leg ulcers
=== Neuromuscular ===
* Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
* Glasgow coma scale is normally 15 / 15 but may may present loss of consciousness in severe fatal hemorrhage episodes.<ref name="pmid21251470">{{cite journal| author=Barcellini W, Bianchi P, Fermo E, Imperiali FG, Marcello AP, Vercellati C et al.| title=Hereditary red cell membrane defects: diagnostic and clinical aspects. | journal=Blood Transfus | year= 2011 | volume= 9 | issue= 3 | pages= 274-7 | pmid=21251470 | doi=10.2450/2011.0086-10 | pmc=3136593 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21251470  }}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 16:58, 31 August 2018


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Overview

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

  • Patients are usually well-appearing in the absence of severe anemia.
  • Patient appears ill in the state of septicemia.

Vital Signs

  • may have Tachycardia, depends on the severity of the anemia.
  • may have Tachypnea depends on severity of the anemia.
  • Patients may have weak pulse

Skin

HEENT

  • may have signs of meningitis due to meningococcal infection following splenectomy : neck stiffness (redor) ,fever, headache

Neck

No specific sign.

Lungs

  • commonly normal lung sounds.
  • May present crackle due to pneumococcal or Haemophilus influenza pneumonia , following splenectomy.

Heart

  • commonly normal heart sounds

Abdomen

Extremities

  • Leg ulcers

Neuromuscular

  • Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
  • Glasgow coma scale is normally 15 / 15 but may may present loss of consciousness in severe fatal hemorrhage episodes.[1]

References

  1. ↑ Barcellini W, Bianchi P, Fermo E, Imperiali FG, Marcello AP, Vercellati C; et al. (2011). "Hereditary red cell membrane defects: diagnostic and clinical aspects". Blood Transfus. 9 (3): 274–7. doi:10.2450/2011.0086-10. PMC 3136593. PMID 21251470.

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