Plummer-Vinson syndrome risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Risk Factors

Women are at higher risk than men, particularly in middle age. In these patients, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk is increased; therefore, it is considered a premalignant process.

• Chronic irritation of the oesophagus
  • Thermal injury
  • Mechanical injury
  • Achalasia
  • Esophageal diverticulum
  • Chronic lye stricture
  • Radiation therapy
  • Injection sclerotherapy
  • Gastric resection
  • Celiac disease
  • Tylosis
  • Scleroderma