Relapsing polychondritis: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Polychondritis is one of many subclasses of disease in the area of [[Rheumatology]]. | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
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==Differentiating Relapsing Polychondritis from other Diseases== | ==Differentiating Relapsing Polychondritis from other Diseases== | ||
* Cauliflower ear | |||
* Chondritis | |||
* Chondromdermatitis | |||
* Hansen's disease | |||
* Nodularis helicis | |||
* Perichondritis | |||
* Rhinophyma | |||
* Skin cancer | |||
* Syphilis | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
*While the disease can come on at various times, most frequent time for onset is in the late 40's to early 50's. | |||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
===Race=== | *Some literature reports a slightly higher occurrence in females than males, while other literature asserts that sex is apparently not a statistically significant factor in the occurrence rate of the disease. | ||
===Race=== | |||
== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | |||
=== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
===Diagnostic Criteria=== | |||
=== | |||
===Symptoms=== | ===Symptoms=== | ||
* Decreased joint mobility | * Decreased joint mobility | ||
* Joint erythema | * Joint erythema | ||
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* Pain on movement of joint | * Pain on movement of joint | ||
== | ===Physical Examination=== | ||
All cartilage areas can be affected, though in many cases the disease will affect several areas where cartilage is found in the body, and leave others entirely alone. Parts of the body with cartilage, and therefore potentially affected by polychondritis, include the [[ear]]s, [[nose]], [[throat]], [[heart valve]]s and of course all areas where musculo-skeletal tissues are connected by cartilage. Specific resultant conditions may include [[Tracheomalacia|Type 3 Tracheomalacia]] and [[Vasculitis]]. | |||
===Laboratory Findings=== | |||
===Imaging Findings=== | |||
===Other Diagnostic Studies=== | |||
===Presentation=== | |||
===Symptoms=== | |||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
===Medical Therapy=== | |||
Treatment plans typically involve suppression of the immune system with [[medication|medicine]]s, which often result in a side effect of increasing the risk of other infections. | Treatment plans typically involve suppression of the immune system with [[medication|medicine]]s, which often result in a side effect of increasing the risk of other infections. | ||
===Surgery=== | |||
===Prevention=== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | {{Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Rheumatology]] | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | |||
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{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} |
Revision as of 14:33, 1 July 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ,Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soumya Sachdeva
Overview
Relapsing polychondritis is a condition where cartilage deteriorates.
It is also known as Chronic atrophic polychondritis, Meyenburg-Altherr-Uehlinger syndrome, von Meyenburg's disease, Generalized chondromalacia, or Systemic chondromalacia.
Historical Perspective
Classification
Polychondritis is one of many subclasses of disease in the area of Rheumatology.
Pathophysiology
The earliest abnormality of hyaline and elastic cartilage noted histologically is basophilic staining indicating depletion of proteoglycan from the cartilage matrix. Inflammatory infiltrates are found adjacent to involved cartilage and consist predominantly of mononuclear cells and occasional plasma. Immunologic mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of relapsing polychondritis.Humoral and cell mediated immunity play an important role in the pathogenesis.Immunoglobin and complement deposits are found at sites of inflammation.
Causes
Reasons for disease onset are not known.
It is considered to possibly be an auto-immune disease[1] in which the human's body's immune system begins to attack and destroy the cartilage tissues in the body.
Differentiating Relapsing Polychondritis from other Diseases
- Cauliflower ear
- Chondritis
- Chondromdermatitis
- Hansen's disease
- Nodularis helicis
- Perichondritis
- Rhinophyma
- Skin cancer
- Syphilis
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
- While the disease can come on at various times, most frequent time for onset is in the late 40's to early 50's.
Gender
- Some literature reports a slightly higher occurrence in females than males, while other literature asserts that sex is apparently not a statistically significant factor in the occurrence rate of the disease.
Race
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Symptoms
- Decreased joint mobility
- Joint erythema
- Joint inflammation
- Joint swelling
- Pain on movement of joint
Physical Examination
All cartilage areas can be affected, though in many cases the disease will affect several areas where cartilage is found in the body, and leave others entirely alone. Parts of the body with cartilage, and therefore potentially affected by polychondritis, include the ears, nose, throat, heart valves and of course all areas where musculo-skeletal tissues are connected by cartilage. Specific resultant conditions may include Type 3 Tracheomalacia and Vasculitis.
Laboratory Findings
Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Presentation
Symptoms
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Treatment plans typically involve suppression of the immune system with medicines, which often result in a side effect of increasing the risk of other infections.
Surgery
Prevention
References
External links
- Polychondritis Educational Society, Ltd. (PES)
- Dr. D. E. Trentham research paper
- MedicineNet.com
- The Polychondritis Group - Support Group
Template:Osteochondropathy
Template:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue