Achalasia natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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#[[Aspiration pneumonia]]: Food and liquid, including [[saliva]], are retained in the [[esophagus]] and may be inhaled into the [[lung]]s, especially while sleeping in a horizontal position. | #[[Aspiration pneumonia]]: Food and liquid, including [[saliva]], are retained in the [[esophagus]] and may be inhaled into the [[lung]]s, especially while sleeping in a horizontal position. | ||
#* Tearing ([[perforation]]) of the esophagus | #* Tearing ([[perforation]]) of the esophagus | ||
*The incidence of esophageal cancer is controversial in patients with achalasia. Some Swedish studies report an increased incidence, and suggest routine surveillance esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (EGD). This has not been shown to be the case in the U.S.A., and current recommendations do not include routine EGD. | |||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
Revision as of 15:06, 1 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Natural History
Complications
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or heartburn.
- Achalasia patients have an increased risk of developing Barrett's esophagus or Barrett's mucosa, a premalignant condition which may lead to esophageal cancer over a period of years.
- Aspiration pneumonia: Food and liquid, including saliva, are retained in the esophagus and may be inhaled into the lungs, especially while sleeping in a horizontal position.
- Tearing (perforation) of the esophagus
- The incidence of esophageal cancer is controversial in patients with achalasia. Some Swedish studies report an increased incidence, and suggest routine surveillance esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (EGD). This has not been shown to be the case in the U.S.A., and current recommendations do not include routine EGD.