Hypoglycemia physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
===Appearance=== | ===Appearance=== | ||
* [[Macrosomia]] in [[infancy]] usually indicates [[congenital hyperinsulinism|hyperinsulinism]]. | * [[Macrosomia]] in [[infancy]] usually indicates [[congenital hyperinsulinism|hyperinsulinism]]. | ||
* In older children and adults, moderately severe hypoglycemia can resemble [[mania]], mental illness, drug intoxication, or [[drunkenness]]. In the elderly, hypoglycemia can produce focal [[stroke]]-like effects or a hard-to-define malaise. The symptoms of a single person do tend to be similar from episode to episode. | * In older children and adults, moderately severe hypoglycemia can resemble [[mania]], mental illness, drug intoxication, or [[drunkenness]]. In the elderly, hypoglycemia can produce focal [[stroke]]-like effects or a hard-to-define malaise. The symptoms of a single person do tend to be similar from episode to episode. | ||
===Vitals=== | === Neurologic <ref name="pmid19088155">{{cite journal| author=Cryer PE, Axelrod L, Grossman AB, Heller SR, Montori VM, Seaquist ER et al.| title=Evaluation and management of adult hypoglycemic disorders: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2009 | volume= 94 | issue= 3 | pages= 709-28 | pmid=19088155 | doi=10.1210/jc.2008-1410 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19088155 }}</ref> === | ||
* Mental status may be altered | |||
*[[Myoclonic jerk]]s | |||
*[[Hypotonia]] | |||
* [[Ataxia]] | |||
* [[Incoordination]] | |||
*Focal or general motor deficit | |||
* [[Paralysis]] | |||
* [[Hemiparesis]] | |||
=== Vitals === | |||
====Temperature==== | ====Temperature==== | ||
*[[Hypothermia]] may be present in newborns | *[[Hypothermia]] may be present in newborns | ||
Pulse | |||
* Rate | |||
* [[Tachycardia]] may be present | |||
*[[Tachycardia]] may be present | * Rhythm | ||
* The pulse is usually regular but arrhythmia is fatal if occured. | |||
*The pulse is regular | |||
====Respiratory Rate==== | ====Respiratory Rate==== | ||
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*[[Cyanosis]] may be present in newborns | *[[Cyanosis]] may be present in newborns | ||
== References == | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 16:57, 13 July 2017
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Hypoglycemia Microchapters |
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Hypoglycemia physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypoglycemia physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypoglycemia physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Appearance
- Macrosomia in infancy usually indicates hyperinsulinism.
- In older children and adults, moderately severe hypoglycemia can resemble mania, mental illness, drug intoxication, or drunkenness. In the elderly, hypoglycemia can produce focal stroke-like effects or a hard-to-define malaise. The symptoms of a single person do tend to be similar from episode to episode.
Neurologic [1]
- Mental status may be altered
- Myoclonic jerks
- Hypotonia
- Ataxia
- Incoordination
- Focal or general motor deficit
- Paralysis
- Hemiparesis
Vitals
Temperature
- Hypothermia may be present in newborns
Pulse
- Rate
- Tachycardia may be present
- Rhythm
- The pulse is usually regular but arrhythmia is fatal if occured.
Respiratory Rate
- Abnormal breathing may be present
Skin
Eyes
- Staring, "glassy" look
- Dilated pupils
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly may be present
- Micropenis
Extremities
- Cyanosis may be present in newborns
References
- ↑ Cryer PE, Axelrod L, Grossman AB, Heller SR, Montori VM, Seaquist ER; et al. (2009). "Evaluation and management of adult hypoglycemic disorders: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 94 (3): 709–28. doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1410. PMID 19088155.