Orbital cellulitis classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Orbital cellulitis may be classified by | Orbital cellulitis may be classified according to the microbial family of the offending pathogen (bacterial vs. fungal), or by the management protocol (medical vs. surgical therapy). In 1970, Chandler's classification was created to describe five groups of complications of sinusitis by invading the surrounding tissue. This system is often used to describe the extent of orbital and periorbital disease.<ref name="pmid1388488">{{cite journal| author=Martin-Hirsch DP, Habashi S, Hinton AH, Kotecha B| title=Orbital cellulitis. | journal=Arch Emerg Med | year= 1992 | volume= 9 | issue= 2 | pages= 143-8 | pmid=1388488 | doi= | pmc=1285851 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1388488 }} </ref> | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
*'''Bacterial infection vs. Non-Bacterial infection | The following classifcation systems | ||
*'''Abscess vs. No Abscess:''' | *'''Bacterial infection vs. Non-Bacterial infection:''' This classification determines the course of the disease, and the type of antibiotics to be used. | ||
*'''Abscess vs. No Abscess:''' This classification determines the need for surgical therapy. | |||
*'''Stage I:''' [[periorbital cellulitis|Preseptal Cellulitis]] - Also known as [[periorbital cellulitis]], this condition is not classified as true orbital cellulitis. It is rarely extends to become true postseptal orbital cellulitis. It is characterized by lid [[edema]], and no changes in visual acuity or ocular movements.<br> | *'''Chandler's Classification of Complications of Sinusitis:'''<ref name="pmid1388488">{{cite journal| author=Martin-Hirsch DP, Habashi S, Hinton AH, Kotecha B| title=Orbital cellulitis. | journal=Arch Emerg Med | year= 1992 | volume= 9 | issue= 2 | pages= 143-8 | pmid=1388488 | doi= | pmc=1285851 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1388488 }} </ref> | ||
*'''Stage II:''' Orbital cellulitis - Also known as postseptal cellulitis or true orbital cellulitis. Diffuse orbital inflammation without abscess formation.<br> | **'''Stage I:''' [[periorbital cellulitis|Preseptal Cellulitis]] - Also known as [[periorbital cellulitis]], this condition is not classified as true orbital cellulitis. It is rarely extends to become true postseptal orbital cellulitis. It is characterized by lid [[edema]], and no changes in visual acuity or ocular movements.<br> | ||
*'''Stage III:''' Subperiosteal abscess<br> | **'''Stage II:''' Orbital cellulitis - Also known as postseptal cellulitis or true orbital cellulitis. Diffuse orbital inflammation without abscess formation.<br> | ||
*'''Stage IV:''' Orbital abscess<br> | **'''Stage III:''' Subperiosteal abscess<br> | ||
*'''Stage V:''' Intracranial involvement/Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis.<br> | **'''Stage IV:''' Orbital abscess<br> | ||
**'''Stage V:''' Intracranial involvement/Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis.<br> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 13:28, 22 July 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2]
Overview
Orbital cellulitis may be classified according to the microbial family of the offending pathogen (bacterial vs. fungal), or by the management protocol (medical vs. surgical therapy). In 1970, Chandler's classification was created to describe five groups of complications of sinusitis by invading the surrounding tissue. This system is often used to describe the extent of orbital and periorbital disease.[1]
Classification
The following classifcation systems
- Bacterial infection vs. Non-Bacterial infection: This classification determines the course of the disease, and the type of antibiotics to be used.
- Abscess vs. No Abscess: This classification determines the need for surgical therapy.
- Chandler's Classification of Complications of Sinusitis:[1]
- Stage I: Preseptal Cellulitis - Also known as periorbital cellulitis, this condition is not classified as true orbital cellulitis. It is rarely extends to become true postseptal orbital cellulitis. It is characterized by lid edema, and no changes in visual acuity or ocular movements.
- Stage II: Orbital cellulitis - Also known as postseptal cellulitis or true orbital cellulitis. Diffuse orbital inflammation without abscess formation.
- Stage III: Subperiosteal abscess
- Stage IV: Orbital abscess
- Stage V: Intracranial involvement/Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis.
- Stage I: Preseptal Cellulitis - Also known as periorbital cellulitis, this condition is not classified as true orbital cellulitis. It is rarely extends to become true postseptal orbital cellulitis. It is characterized by lid edema, and no changes in visual acuity or ocular movements.