Pyomyositis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Pyomyositis, also known as tropical pyomyositis or myositis tropicans is a bacterial infection of the skeletal muscles which results in a pus-filled abscess. Pyomyositis is more common in tropical areas but can also occur in the temperate zones. Pyomyositis is most often caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The infection can affect any skeletal muscle, but most often infects the large muscle groups such as the quadriceps or gluteal muscles. In tropical regions, the infection often follows minor trauma, while in temperate zones the infection typically occurs in people with immune deficiencies. The abscess within the muscle is drained surgically and antibiotics are administered to fully clear the infection.

Treatment

Medical Therapy

• Pyomyositis

• Preferred regimen (1): Nafcillin
• Preferred regimen (2): Oxacillin 2 g IV q4h

• Preferred regimen (3): Cefazolin 2 g IV q8h (if MSSA)
• Alternate regimen: Vancomycin 1 g IV q12h (if MRSA)