Typhoid fever laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Laboratory findings== | ==Laboratory findings== | ||
Microbial culture is the gold standard test for [[Typhoid fever other diagnostic studies|diagnosing typhoid fever]].<ref name="pmid12456854">{{cite journal| author=Parry CM, Hien TT, Dougan G, White NJ, Farrar JJ| title=Typhoid fever. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2002 | volume= 347 | issue= 22 | pages= 1770-82 | pmid=12456854 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra020201 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12456854 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9620400">{{cite journal| author=Wain J, Diep TS, Ho VA, Walsh AM, Nguyen TT, Parry CM et al.| title=Quantitation of bacteria in blood of typhoid fever patients and relationship between counts and clinical features, transmissibility, and antibiotic resistance. | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year= 1998 | volume= 36 | issue= 6 | pages= 1683-7 | pmid=9620400 | doi= | pmc=104900 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9620400 }} </ref> | Microbial culture is the gold standard test for [[Typhoid fever other diagnostic studies|diagnosing typhoid fever]].<ref name="pmid12456854">{{cite journal| author=Parry CM, Hien TT, Dougan G, White NJ, Farrar JJ| title=Typhoid fever. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2002 | volume= 347 | issue= 22 | pages= 1770-82 | pmid=12456854 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra020201 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12456854 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9620400">{{cite journal| author=Wain J, Diep TS, Ho VA, Walsh AM, Nguyen TT, Parry CM et al.| title=Quantitation of bacteria in blood of typhoid fever patients and relationship between counts and clinical features, transmissibility, and antibiotic resistance. | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year= 1998 | volume= 36 | issue= 6 | pages= 1683-7 | pmid=9620400 | doi= | pmc=104900 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9620400 }} </ref>. Shown below is a table summarizing nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with [[typhoid fever]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | ||
Shown below is a table summarizing nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with [[typhoid fever]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | |||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with typhoid fever include decrease heamoglobin, decreased or increased leukocyte count, elevated CPR, and abnormal liver function tests.[1][2][3]
Laboratory findings
Microbial culture is the gold standard test for diagnosing typhoid fever.[2][3]. Shown below is a table summarizing nonspecific laboratory abnormalities associated with typhoid fever.[4]
| Test | Findings |
|---|---|
| Complete blood count | Decreased hemoglobin Decreased hematocrit Elevated CRP[5] |
| White blood cell count | Elevated (children) or decreased leukocyte count (adults) |
| Biochemistry | Hypoglycemia Elevated creatinine Elevated ALT, AST[6][7] Possible hyponatremia Acidosis: High lactate; Low bicarbonate (shock) |
| Coagulation | Thrombocytopenia[5] |
| Urinalysis | Proteinuria hemoglobinuria (renal failure) |
References
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Parry CM, Hien TT, Dougan G, White NJ, Farrar JJ (2002). "Typhoid fever". N Engl J Med. 347 (22): 1770–82. doi:10.1056/NEJMra020201. PMID 12456854.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wain J, Diep TS, Ho VA, Walsh AM, Nguyen TT, Parry CM; et al. (1998). "Quantitation of bacteria in blood of typhoid fever patients and relationship between counts and clinical features, transmissibility, and antibiotic resistance". J Clin Microbiol. 36 (6): 1683–7. PMC 104900. PMID 9620400.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cooper EC, Ratnam I, Mohebbi M, Leder K (2014). "Laboratory features of common causes of fever in returned travelers". J Travel Med. 21 (4): 235–9. doi:10.1111/jtm.12122. PMID 24754384.
- ↑ Klotz SA, Jorgensen JH, Buckwold FJ, Craven PC (1984). "Typhoid fever. An epidemic with remarkably few clinical signs and symptoms". Arch Intern Med. 144 (3): 533–7. PMID 6703825.
- ↑ Wang JL, Kao JH, Tseng SP, Teng LJ, Ho SW, Hsueh PR (2005). "Typhoid fever and typhoid hepatitis in Taiwan". Epidemiol Infect. 133 (6): 1073–9. doi:10.1017/S0950268805004048. PMC 2870341. PMID 16274504.