Erysipelas physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The erythematous skin lesion enlarges rapidly and has a sharply demarcated raised edge. It appears as a red, swollen, warm, hardened and painful [[rash]], similar in consistency to an orange peel. More severe infections can result in [[vesicles]], [[blister|bullae]], and [[petechiae]], with possible skin [[necrosis]]. [[Lymph node]]s may be swollen, and [[lymphedema]] may occur. Occasionally, a red streak extending to the lymph node can be seen. The infection may occur on any part of the skin including the face, arms, fingers, legs and toes, but it tends to favor the extremities. Fat tissue is most susceptible to infection, and facial areas typically around the eyes, ears, and cheeks. Repeated infection of the extremities can lead to chronic swelling ([[lymphadenitis]]). | The erythematous skin lesion enlarges rapidly and has a sharply demarcated raised edge. It appears as a red, swollen, warm, hardened and painful [[rash]], similar in consistency to an orange peel. More severe infections can result in [[vesicles]], [[blister|bullae]], and [[petechiae]], with possible skin [[necrosis]]. [[Lymph node]]s may be swollen, and [[lymphedema]] may occur. Occasionally, a red streak extending to the lymph node can be seen. The infection may occur on any part of the skin including the face, arms, fingers, legs and toes, but it tends to favor the extremities. Fat tissue is most susceptible to infection, and facial areas typically around the eyes, ears, and cheeks. Repeated infection of the extremities can lead to chronic swelling ([[lymphadenitis]]). | ||
==Physical Examination== | |||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
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*[[Vesicles]]<ref name="pmid18946616">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chong FY, Thirumoorthy T |title=Blistering erysipelas: not a rare entity |journal=Singapore Med J |volume=49 |issue=10 |pages=809–13 |year=2008 |pmid=18946616 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *[[Vesicles]]<ref name="pmid18946616">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chong FY, Thirumoorthy T |title=Blistering erysipelas: not a rare entity |journal=Singapore Med J |volume=49 |issue=10 |pages=809–13 |year=2008 |pmid=18946616 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*[[Blebs]]<ref name="pmid26866211">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, Stevens DL, Bryant AE |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=26866211 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *[[Blebs]]<ref name="pmid26866211">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, Stevens DL, Bryant AE |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=26866211 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Examples of Physical Examination Findings for Erysipelas== | |||
===Extremities=== | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Image:Erysipelas01.jpg|Erysipelas. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/ Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> | Image:Erysipelas01.jpg|Erysipelas. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/ Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL> |
Revision as of 19:14, 13 September 2016
Erysipelas Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Erysipelas physical examination On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Erysipelas physical examination |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Erysipelas physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S. Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
The erythematous skin lesion enlarges rapidly and has a sharply demarcated raised edge. It appears as a red, swollen, warm, hardened and painful rash, similar in consistency to an orange peel. More severe infections can result in vesicles, bullae, and petechiae, with possible skin necrosis. Lymph nodes may be swollen, and lymphedema may occur. Occasionally, a red streak extending to the lymph node can be seen. The infection may occur on any part of the skin including the face, arms, fingers, legs and toes, but it tends to favor the extremities. Fat tissue is most susceptible to infection, and facial areas typically around the eyes, ears, and cheeks. Repeated infection of the extremities can lead to chronic swelling (lymphadenitis).
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- The patient may be ill-appearing if there is presence of systemic illness, such as fever, chills, or vomiting.[1]
Vital signs
- Fever may be present in Erysipelas patients.
Skin
Erysipelas manifests with a characteristic rash, localized on the epidermis, with the following presentation:[2]
- Erythema
- Edema
- Sharp, demarcated edges between inflamed and normal tissue
- Bullae
- Vesicles[3]
- Blebs[4]
Examples of Physical Examination Findings for Erysipelas
Extremities
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
Trunk
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
Face
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
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Erysipelas. Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.[5]
References
- ↑ {{cite journal |vauthors=Inghammar M, Rasmussen M, Linder A |title=Recurrent erysipelas--risk factors and clinical presentation |journal=BMC Infect. Dis. |volume=14 |issue= |pages=270 |year=2014 |pmid=24884840 |pmc=4033615 |doi=10.1186
- ↑ Bläckberg A, Trell K, Rasmussen M (2015). "Erysipelas, a large retrospective study of aetiology and clinical presentation". BMC Infect. Dis. 15: 402. doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1134-2. PMC 4590694. PMID 26424182.
- ↑ Chong FY, Thirumoorthy T (2008). "Blistering erysipelas: not a rare entity". Singapore Med J. 49 (10): 809–13. PMID 18946616.
- ↑ Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, Stevens DL, Bryant AE. PMID 26866211. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24 5.25 5.26 5.27 5.28 5.29 5.30 5.31 5.32 5.33 5.34 5.35 5.36 "Dermatology Atlas".