Pelvic inflammatory disease epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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{{Pelvic inflammatory disease}} | {{Pelvic inflammatory disease}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}}{{MehdiP}} | ||
==Epidemiology and | ==Epidemiology== | ||
* | It is difficult to have an accurate estimate of PID incidence and prevalence because most of this patients are sub-clinical.<ref name="pmid8172999">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grodstein F, Rothman KJ |title=Epidemiology of pelvic inflammatory disease |journal=Epidemiology |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=234–42 |year=1994 |pmid=8172999 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Incidence=== | |||
* It is estimated that, 750.000-1.2 million women are affected by PID each year in the United States,.<ref name="pmid27107781">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ford GW, Decker CF |title=Pelvic inflammatory disease |journal=Dis Mon |volume=62 |issue=8 |pages=301–5 |year=2016 |pmid=27107781 |doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.015 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10711551">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rein DB, Kassler WJ, Irwin KL, Rabiee L |title=Direct medical cost of pelvic inflammatory disease and its sequelae: decreasing, but still substantial |journal=Obstet Gynecol |volume=95 |issue=3 |pages=397–402 |year=2000 |pmid=10711551 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Incidence and prevalence are decreasing since 1985 because of widespread [[chlamydia]] screening and treatment.<ref name="pmid20494242">{{cite journal |vauthors=Owusu-Edusei K, Bohm MK, Chesson HW, Kent CK |title=Chlamydia screening and pelvic inflammatory disease: Insights from exploratory time-series analyses |journal=Am J Prev Med |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=652–7 |year=2010 |pmid=20494242 |doi=10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.008 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Approximately 50,000 women become [[infertile]] in the US each year from PID. | * Approximately 50,000 women become [[infertile]] in the US each year from PID. | ||
* [[gonorrhea|N. gonorrhoea]] is isolated in only 40-60% of women with acute salpingitis <ref name="isbn0-8385-1401-4">{{cite book |author=Lauren Nathan; DeCherney, Alan H.; Pernoll, Martin L. |title=Current obstetric & gynecologic diagnosis & treatment |publisher=Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill |location=New York|year=2003 |pages= |isbn=0-8385-1401-4 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> . [[chlamydia|C. trachomatis]] was estimated to be the cause in about 60% of cases of [[salpingitis]], which may lead to PID. | * [[gonorrhea|N. gonorrhoea]] is isolated in only 40-60% of women with acute salpingitis <ref name="isbn0-8385-1401-4">{{cite book |author=Lauren Nathan; DeCherney, Alan H.; Pernoll, Martin L. |title=Current obstetric & gynecologic diagnosis & treatment |publisher=Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill |location=New York|year=2003 |pages= |isbn=0-8385-1401-4 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> . [[chlamydia|C. trachomatis]] was estimated to be the cause in about 60% of cases of [[salpingitis]], which may lead to PID. | ||
Up to 10-15% of these women may become infertile as a result of PID. A large proportion of the ectopic pregnancies occurring every year are due to the consequences of PID. | |||
===Pelvic Inflammatory Disease—Hospitalizations of Women Aged 15–44 Years, United States, 2001–2010 === | ===Pelvic Inflammatory Disease—Hospitalizations of Women Aged 15–44 Years, United States, 2001–2010 === | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Epidemiology
It is difficult to have an accurate estimate of PID incidence and prevalence because most of this patients are sub-clinical.[1]
Incidence
- It is estimated that, 750.000-1.2 million women are affected by PID each year in the United States,.[2][3]
- Incidence and prevalence are decreasing since 1985 because of widespread chlamydia screening and treatment.[4]
- Approximately 50,000 women become infertile in the US each year from PID.
- N. gonorrhoea is isolated in only 40-60% of women with acute salpingitis [5] . C. trachomatis was estimated to be the cause in about 60% of cases of salpingitis, which may lead to PID.
Up to 10-15% of these women may become infertile as a result of PID. A large proportion of the ectopic pregnancies occurring every year are due to the consequences of PID.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease—Hospitalizations of Women Aged 15–44 Years, United States, 2001–2010
NOTE: The relative standard errors for acute and unspecified pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) cases ranges from 8%–18%. The relative standard error for chronic PID cases ranges from 12%–28%. Data only available through 2010.
SOURCE: 2010 National Hospital Discharge Survey [Internet]. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease—Initial Visits to Physicians’ Offices by Women Aged 15–44 Years, United States, 2002–2011
NOTE: The relative standard errors for these estimates are 21.6%–30%.
SOURCE: IMS Health, Integrated Promotional Services™. IMS Health Report, 1966–2011.
References
- ↑ Grodstein F, Rothman KJ (1994). "Epidemiology of pelvic inflammatory disease". Epidemiology. 5 (2): 234–42. PMID 8172999.
- ↑ Ford GW, Decker CF (2016). "Pelvic inflammatory disease". Dis Mon. 62 (8): 301–5. doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.015. PMID 27107781.
- ↑ Rein DB, Kassler WJ, Irwin KL, Rabiee L (2000). "Direct medical cost of pelvic inflammatory disease and its sequelae: decreasing, but still substantial". Obstet Gynecol. 95 (3): 397–402. PMID 10711551.
- ↑ Owusu-Edusei K, Bohm MK, Chesson HW, Kent CK (2010). "Chlamydia screening and pelvic inflammatory disease: Insights from exploratory time-series analyses". Am J Prev Med. 38 (6): 652–7. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.02.008. PMID 20494242.
- ↑ Lauren Nathan; DeCherney, Alan H.; Pernoll, Martin L. (2003). Current obstetric & gynecologic diagnosis & treatment. New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-8385-1401-4.