Congestive heart failure angiotensin receptor blockers: Difference between revisions

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(/* Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Patients Presenting With Heart Failure (DO NOT EDIT) Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Jessup M, Konstam MA, Mancini DM, Michl K, Oates JA, Rahko PS, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Yancy...)
(/* Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Patients Presenting With Heart Failure (DO NOT EDIT) Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Jessup M, Konstam MA, Mancini DM, Michl K, Oates JA, Rahko PS, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Yancy...)
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| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]]
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]]
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| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''6.''' The use of ARBs to reduce morbidity and mortality is recommended in patients with prior or current symptoms of chronic [[Congestive heart failure classification#Classification of Heart Failure Based on the Ejection Fraction (EF)|HFrEF]] who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors because of cough or angioedema''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Class I, Level of Evidence: A]])''<ref name="pmid11759645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cohn JN, Tognoni G |title=A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=345 |issue=23 |pages=1667–75 |year=2001 |pmid=11759645 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa010713 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14610160">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, Rouleau JL, Køber L, Maggioni AP, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Van de Werf F, White H, Leimberger JD, Henis M, Edwards S, Zelenkofske S, Sellers MA, Califf RM |title=Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=349 |issue=20 |pages=1893–906 |year=2003 |pmid=14610160 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa032292 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19922995">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konstam MA, Neaton JD, Dickstein K, Drexler H, Komajda M, Martinez FA, Riegger GA, Malbecq W, Smith RD, Guptha S, Poole-Wilson PA |title=Effects of high-dose versus low-dose losartan on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HEAAL study): a randomised, double-blind trial |journal=Lancet |volume=374 |issue=9704 |pages=1840–8 |year=2009 |pmid=19922995 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61913-9 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid13678868">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, McMurray JJ, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, Ostergren J, Yusuf S, Pocock S |title=Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme |journal=Lancet |volume=362 |issue=9386 |pages=759–66 |year=2003 |pmid=13678868 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25176015">{{cite journal |vauthors=McMurray JJ, Packer M, Desai AS, Gong J, Lefkowitz MP, Rizkala AR, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Zile MR |title=Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=371 |issue=11 |pages=993–1004 |year=2014 |pmid=25176015 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1409077 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18700309">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dominiak M |title=[Commentary to the article: ONTARGET Investigators, Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 1547-59] |journal=Kardiol Pol |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=705–6; discussion 707 |year=2008 |pmid=18700309 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18757085">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yusuf S, Teo K, Anderson C, Pogue J, Dyal L, Copland I, Schumacher H, Dagenais G, Sleight P |title=Effects of the angiotensin-receptor blocker telmisartan on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: a randomised controlled trial |journal=Lancet |volume=372 |issue=9644 |pages=1174–83 |year=2008 |pmid=18757085 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61242-8 |url=}}</ref> <nowiki>"</nowiki>
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| bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''6.''' The use of ARBs to reduce morbidity and mortality is recommended in patients with prior or current symptoms of chronic [[Congestive heart failure classification#Classification of Heart Failure Based on the Ejection Fraction (EF)|HFrEF]] who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors because of [[Cough|cough]] or [[Angioedema|angioedema]]''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Class I, Level of Evidence: A]])''<ref name="pmid11759645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cohn JN, Tognoni G |title=A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=345 |issue=23 |pages=1667–75 |year=2001 |pmid=11759645 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa010713 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14610160">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, Rouleau JL, Køber L, Maggioni AP, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Van de Werf F, White H, Leimberger JD, Henis M, Edwards S, Zelenkofske S, Sellers MA, Califf RM |title=Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=349 |issue=20 |pages=1893–906 |year=2003 |pmid=14610160 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa032292 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19922995">{{cite journal |vauthors=Konstam MA, Neaton JD, Dickstein K, Drexler H, Komajda M, Martinez FA, Riegger GA, Malbecq W, Smith RD, Guptha S, Poole-Wilson PA |title=Effects of high-dose versus low-dose losartan on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HEAAL study): a randomised, double-blind trial |journal=Lancet |volume=374 |issue=9704 |pages=1840–8 |year=2009 |pmid=19922995 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61913-9 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid13678868">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, McMurray JJ, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, Ostergren J, Yusuf S, Pocock S |title=Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme |journal=Lancet |volume=362 |issue=9386 |pages=759–66 |year=2003 |pmid=13678868 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25176015">{{cite journal |vauthors=McMurray JJ, Packer M, Desai AS, Gong J, Lefkowitz MP, Rizkala AR, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Zile MR |title=Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=371 |issue=11 |pages=993–1004 |year=2014 |pmid=25176015 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1409077 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18700309">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dominiak M |title=[Commentary to the article: ONTARGET Investigators, Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 1547-59] |journal=Kardiol Pol |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=705–6; discussion 707 |year=2008 |pmid=18700309 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18757085">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yusuf S, Teo K, Anderson C, Pogue J, Dyal L, Copland I, Schumacher H, Dagenais G, Sleight P |title=Effects of the angiotensin-receptor blocker telmisartan on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: a randomised controlled trial |journal=Lancet |volume=372 |issue=9644 |pages=1174–83 |year=2008 |pmid=18757085 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61242-8 |url=}}</ref> <nowiki>"</nowiki>


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Revision as of 16:49, 26 October 2016
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Congestive Heart Failure Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Systolic Dysfunction
Diastolic Dysfunction
HFpEF
HFrEF

Causes

Differentiating Congestive heart failure from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Clinical Assessment

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Cardiac MRI

Echocardiography

Exercise Stress Test

Myocardial Viability Studies

Cardiac Catheterization

Other Imaging Studies

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring

Medical Therapy:

Summary
Acute Pharmacotherapy
Chronic Pharmacotherapy in HFpEF
Chronic Pharmacotherapy in HFrEF
Diuretics
ACE Inhibitors
Angiotensin receptor blockers
Aldosterone Antagonists
Beta Blockers
Ca Channel Blockers
Nitrates
Hydralazine
Positive Inotropics
Anticoagulants
Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor
Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Nutritional Supplements
Hormonal Therapies
Drugs to Avoid
Drug Interactions
Treatment of underlying causes
Associated conditions

Exercise Training

Surgical Therapy:

Biventricular Pacing or Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)
Implantation of Intracardiac Defibrillator
Ultrafiltration
Cardiac Surgery
Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs)
Cardiac Transplantation

ACC/AHA Guideline Recommendations

Initial and Serial Evaluation of the HF Patient
Hospitalized Patient
Patients With a Prior MI
Sudden Cardiac Death Prevention
Surgical/Percutaneous/Transcather Interventional Treatments of HF
Patients at high risk for developing heart failure (Stage A)
Patients with cardiac structural abnormalities or remodeling who have not developed heart failure symptoms (Stage B)
Patients with current or prior symptoms of heart failure (Stage C)
Patients with refractory end-stage heart failure (Stage D)
Coordinating Care for Patients With Chronic HF
Quality Metrics/Performance Measures

Implementation of Practice Guidelines

Congestive heart failure end-of-life considerations

Specific Groups:

Special Populations
Patients who have concomitant disorders
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Patient with CHF
NSTEMI with Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock

Congestive heart failure angiotensin receptor blockers On the Web

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Congestive heart failure angiotensin receptor blockers

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Editor(s)-In-Chief: James Chang, M.D., Cardiovascular Division Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA, Harvard Medical School [2] and C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3], Cardiovascular Division Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA, Harvard Medical School; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [4]

Synonyms and Keywords: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist, Angiotensin receptor blocker

Angitensin II Receptor Antagonist Use

Indications for Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Use

1. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is ≤ 40%

or

2. There is a prior history of myocardial infarction (MI)

Background

Dosing

  • ACE-I or ARB therapy should be initiated at low dosage

2009 ACC/AHA Focused Update and 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult (DO NOT EDIT) [3][4]

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Patients Presenting With Heart Failure (DO NOT EDIT) [3][4]

Class I
"6. The use of ARBs to reduce morbidity and mortality is recommended in patients with prior or current symptoms of chronic HFrEF who are intolerant to ACE inhibitors because of cough or angioedema(Class I, Level of Evidence: A)[5][6][7][1][8][9][10] "
Class III (No Benefit)
"1. Routine combined use of an ACE inhibitor, ARB, and aldosterone antagonist is not recommended for patients with current or prior symptoms of heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). (Level of Evidence: C) "
Class IIa
"1. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are reasonable to use as alternatives to ACE inhibitors as first-line therapy for patients with mild to moderate heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), especially for patients already taking ARBs for other indications.[6][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][5][18] (Level of Evidence: A) "
Class IIb
"1. The addition of an angiotensin II receptor blockers may be considered in persistently symptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction who are already being treated with conventional therapy. [6][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][5][18] (Level of Evidence: B) "

Related Chapters

Sources

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, McMurray JJ, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, Ostergren J, Yusuf S, Pocock S (2003). "Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme". Lancet. 362 (9386): 759–66. PMID 13678868. Retrieved 2012-04-03. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Young JB, Dunlap ME, Pfeffer MA, Probstfield JL, Cohen-Solal A, Dietz R, Granger CB, Hradec J, Kuch J, McKelvie RS, McMurray JJ, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, Ostergren J, Held P, Solomon SD, Yusuf S, Swedberg K (2004). "Mortality and morbidity reduction with Candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction: results of the CHARM low-left ventricular ejection fraction trials". Circulation. 110 (17): 2618–26. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000146819.43235.A9. PMID 15492298. Retrieved 2012-04-03. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, Jessup M, Konstam MA, Mancini DM, Michl K, Oates JA, Rahko PS, Silver MA, Stevenson LW, Yancy CW, Antman EM, Smith SC Jr, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Faxon DP, Fuster V, Halperin JL, Hiratzka LF, Jacobs AK, Nishimura R, Ornato JP, Page RL, Riegel B; American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; American College of Chest Physicians; International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005 Sep 20; 112(12): e154-235. Epub 2005 Sep 13. PMID 16160202
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Jessup M, Abraham WT, Casey DE, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG et al. (2009) 2009 focused update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation 119 (14):1977-2016. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192064 PMID: 19324967
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Cohn JN, Tognoni G (2001). "A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure". N. Engl. J. Med. 345 (23): 1667–75. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa010713. PMID 11759645.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, Rouleau JL, Køber L, Maggioni AP, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Van de Werf F, White H, Leimberger JD, Henis M, Edwards S, Zelenkofske S, Sellers MA, Califf RM (2003). "Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both". N. Engl. J. Med. 349 (20): 1893–906. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa032292. PMID 14610160.
  7. ↑ Konstam MA, Neaton JD, Dickstein K, Drexler H, Komajda M, Martinez FA, Riegger GA, Malbecq W, Smith RD, Guptha S, Poole-Wilson PA (2009). "Effects of high-dose versus low-dose losartan on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HEAAL study): a randomised, double-blind trial". Lancet. 374 (9704): 1840–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61913-9. PMID 19922995.
  8. ↑ McMurray JJ, Packer M, Desai AS, Gong J, Lefkowitz MP, Rizkala AR, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Solomon SD, Swedberg K, Zile MR (2014). "Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure". N. Engl. J. Med. 371 (11): 993–1004. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1409077. PMID 25176015.
  9. ↑ Dominiak M (2008). "[Commentary to the article: ONTARGET Investigators, Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 1547-59]". Kardiol Pol. 66 (6): 705–6, discussion 707. PMID 18700309.
  10. ↑ Yusuf S, Teo K, Anderson C, Pogue J, Dyal L, Copland I, Schumacher H, Dagenais G, Sleight P (2008). "Effects of the angiotensin-receptor blocker telmisartan on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: a randomised controlled trial". Lancet. 372 (9644): 1174–83. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61242-8. PMID 18757085.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Granger CB, McMurray JJ, Yusuf S, Held P, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, Ostergren J, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K (2003). "Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function intolerant to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Alternative trial". Lancet. 362 (9386): 772–6. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14284-5. PMID 13678870. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Gottlieb SS, Dickstein K, Fleck E, Kostis J, Levine TB, LeJemtel T, DeKock M (1993). "Hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan in patients with congestive heart failure". Circulation. 88 (4 Pt 1): 1602–9. PMID 8403307. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Crozier I, Ikram H, Awan N, Cleland J, Stephen N, Dickstein K, Frey M, Young J, Klinger G, Makris L (1995). "Losartan in heart failure. Hemodynamic effects and tolerability. Losartan Hemodynamic Study Group". Circulation. 91 (3): 691–7. PMID 7828295. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Riegger GA, Bouzo H, Petr P, Münz J, Spacek R, Pethig H, von Behren V, George M, Arens H (1999). "Improvement in exercise tolerance and symptoms of congestive heart failure during treatment with candesartan cilexetil. Symptom, Tolerability, Response to Exercise Trial of Candesartan Cilexetil in Heart Failure (STRETCH) Investigators". Circulation. 100 (22): 2224–30. PMID 10577995. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Sharma D, Buyse M, Pitt B, Rucinska EJ (2000). "Meta-analysis of observed mortality data from all-controlled, double-blind, multiple-dose studies of losartan in heart failure. Losartan Heart Failure Mortality Meta-analysis Study Group". The American Journal of Cardiology. 85 (2): 187–92. PMID 10955375. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 McKelvie RS, Yusuf S, Pericak D, Avezum A, Burns RJ, Probstfield J, Tsuyuki RT, White M, Rouleau J, Latini R, Maggioni A, Young J, Pogue J (1999). "Comparison of candesartan, enalapril, and their combination in congestive heart failure: randomized evaluation of strategies for left ventricular dysfunction (RESOLVD) pilot study. The RESOLVD Pilot Study Investigators". Circulation. 100 (10): 1056–64. PMID 10477530. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Mazayev VP, Fomina IG, Kazakov EN, Sulimov VA, Zvereva TV, Lyusov VA, Orlov VA, Olbinskaya LI, Bolshakova TD, Sullivan J, Spormann DO (1998). "Valsartan in heart failure patients previously untreated with an ACE inhibitor". International Journal of Cardiology. 65 (3): 239–46. PMID 9740480. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Wong M, Staszewsky L, Latini R, Barlera S, Volpi A, Chiang YT, Benza RL, Gottlieb SO, Kleemann TD, Rosconi F, Vandervoort PM, Cohn JN (2002). "Valsartan benefits left ventricular structure and function in heart failure: Val-HeFT echocardiographic study". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 40 (5): 970–5. PMID 12225725. Retrieved 2012-04-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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