Azotemia causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Azotemia has numerous causes; the most common causes of Azotemia include [[kidney failure]] and various [[renal]] diseases, [[burns]], [[dehydration]], drug side effects, chemical [[poisoning]], loss of blood volume, and [[artery]] [[occlusion]].
 
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*[[Burns]]
*[[Dehydration]]
*Drug side effects
*Chemical [[poisoning]]
*[[Kidney failure]] and various [[renal]] diseases
*Loss of blood volume
*[[Artery]] [[occlusion]]
===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cardiac failure]],  [[Congestive heart failure]],  [[Hypercalcaemia]],  [[Hypertension]],  [[Hypotension]],  [[Renal ischemia]],  [[Renal vein thrombosis]],  [[Renovascular disease]]
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | [[Cardiac failure]],  [[Congestive heart failure]],  [[Hypercalcaemia]],  [[Hypertension]],  [[Hypotension]],  [[Renal ischemia]],  [[Renal vein thrombosis]],  [[Renovascular disease]]
|-
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Burns]],  [[Cadmium]],  [[Gold salts]],  [[Lithium]],  [[Organic solvent]],  [[Paraquat]],  [[Sulphonamides]],  [[Zinc]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Burns]],  [[Cadmium]],  [[Gold salts]],  [[Lithium]],  [[Organic solvent]],  [[Paraquat]],  [[Sulphonamides]],  [[Zinc]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Altretamine]],  [[Amikacin]],  [[Amphotericin b]],  [[Bacitracin]],  [[Ciprofloxacin]],  [[Cisplatin]],  [[Colchicine]],  [[Colistimethate]],  [[Cyclosporin]],  [[Doxycycline]],  [[Enalapril]],  [[Foscarnet]],  [[Gentamicin]],  [[Ibrutinib]],  [[Kanamycin]],  [[Lomustine]],  [[Mitomycin c]],  [[Netilmicin]],  [[Nivolumab]],  [[Norfloxacin]],  [[Paracetamol]],  [[Penicillamine]],  [[Pentamidine]],  [[Phenacetin]],  [[Polymyxin b]],  [[Streptomycin]],  [[Streptozocin]],  [[Tacrolimus]],  [[Tenofovir]],  [[Zenarestat]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Altretamine]],  [[Amikacin]],  [[Amphotericin b]],  [[Bacitracin]],  [[Ciprofloxacin]],  [[Cisplatin]],  [[Colchicine]],  [[Colistimethate]],  [[Cyclosporin]],  [[Doxycycline]],  [[Enalapril]],  [[Foscarnet]],  [[Gentamicin]],  [[Ibrutinib]],  [[Kanamycin]],  [[Lomustine]],  [[Mitomycin c]],  [[Netilmicin]],  [[Nivolumab]],  [[Norfloxacin]],  [[Paracetamol]],  [[Penicillamine]],  [[Pentamidine]],  [[Phenacetin]],  [[Polymyxin b]],  [[Streptomycin]],  [[Streptozocin]],  [[Tacrolimus]],  [[Tenofovir]],  [[Zenarestat]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Hypercalcaemia]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Hypercalcaemia]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hepatitis b]],  [[Ileus]],  [[Jaundice]],  [[Liver failure]],  [[Paralytic ileus]],  [[Recurrent hereditary polyserositis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Hepatitis b]],  [[Ileus]],  [[Jaundice]],  [[Liver failure]],  [[Paralytic ileus]],  [[Recurrent hereditary polyserositis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria]],  [[Proximal renal tubular acidosis]],  [[Sickle cell disease]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria]],  [[Proximal renal tubular acidosis]],  [[Sickle cell disease]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hepatitis b]],  [[Malaria ]],  [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]],  [[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]]  
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Hepatitis b]],  [[Malaria ]] ,  [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]],  [[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]]  
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cholestatic jaundice]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cholestatic jaundice]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Angiomyolipoma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Angiomyolipoma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Angiomyolipoma]],  [[Chronic interstitial nephritis]],  [[Chronic kidney disease]],  [[Chronic renal failure]],  [[Crescentic glomerulonephritis]],  [[Glomerulonephritis]],  [[Goodpasture's syndrome]],  [[Henoch-schönlein purpura]],  [[Hepatorenal syndrome]],  [[Hydronephrosis]],  [[Interstitial nephritis]],  [[Nephritic syndrome]],  [[Nephrolithiasis]],  [[Nephrotic syndrome]],  [[Papillary necrosis]],  [[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]],  [[Proximal renal tubular acidosis]],  [[Pyelonephritis]],  [[Renal ischemia]],  [[Renal vein thrombosis]],  [[Renovascular disease]],  [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],  [[True volume depletion ]],  [[Ureteric obstruction]],  [[Urethral stricture]],  [[Uric plasma levels raised]],  [[Uric serum levels raised]],  [[Urinary tract infection]],  [[Urine retention]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Angiomyolipoma]],  [[Chronic interstitial nephritis]],  [[Chronic kidney disease]],  [[Chronic renal failure]],  [[Crescentic glomerulonephritis]],  [[Glomerulonephritis]],  [[Goodpasture's syndrome]],  [[Henoch-schönlein purpura]],  [[Hepatorenal syndrome]],  [[Hydronephrosis]],  [[Interstitial nephritis]],  [[Nephritic syndrome]],  [[Nephrolithiasis]],  [[Nephrotic syndrome]],  [[Papillary necrosis]],  [[Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis]],  [[Proximal renal tubular acidosis]],  [[Pyelonephritis]],  [[Renal ischemia]],  [[Renal vein thrombosis]],  [[Renovascular disease]],  [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]],  [[True volume depletion ]] ,  [[Ureteric obstruction]],  [[Urethral stricture]],  [[Uric plasma levels raised]],  [[Uric serum levels raised]],  [[Urinary tract infection]],  [[Urine retention]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Goodpasture's syndrome]],  [[Henoch-schönlein purpura]],  [[Polyarteritis nodosa]],  [[Recurrent hereditary polyserositis]],  [[Retroperitoneal fibrosis]],  [[Scleroderma]],  [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Amyloidosis]],  [[Goodpasture's syndrome]],  [[Henoch-schönlein purpura]],  [[Polyarteritis nodosa]],  [[Recurrent hereditary polyserositis]],  [[Retroperitoneal fibrosis]],  [[Scleroderma]],  [[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Burns]],  [[Shock]],  [[Trauma]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Burns]],  [[Shock]],  [[Trauma]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic interstitial nephritis]],  [[Hydronephrosis]],  [[Posterior urethral valve]],  [[Retroperitoneal fibrosis]],  [[Ureteric obstruction]],  [[Urethral stricture]],  [[Uric plasma levels raised]],  [[Uric serum levels raised]],  [[Urinary tract infection]],  [[Urine retention]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Chronic interstitial nephritis]],  [[Hydronephrosis]],  [[Posterior urethral valve]],  [[Retroperitoneal fibrosis]],  [[Ureteric obstruction]],  [[Urethral stricture]],  [[Uric plasma levels raised]],  [[Uric serum levels raised]],  [[Urinary tract infection]],  [[Urine retention]]
|-
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Edema]], [[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Edema]], [[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 14:34, 31 January 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cardiac failure, Congestive heart failure, Hypercalcaemia, Hypertension, Hypotension, Renal ischemia, Renal vein thrombosis, Renovascular disease
Chemical/Poisoning Burns, Cadmium, Gold salts, Lithium, Organic solvent, Paraquat, Sulphonamides, Zinc
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Systemic lupus erythematosus,
Drug Side Effect Altretamine, Amikacin, Amphotericin b, Bacitracin, Ciprofloxacin, Cisplatin, Colchicine, Colistimethate, Cyclosporin, Doxycycline, Enalapril, Foscarnet, Gentamicin, Ibrutinib, Kanamycin, Lomustine, Mitomycin c, Netilmicin, Nivolumab, Norfloxacin, Paracetamol, Penicillamine, Pentamidine, Phenacetin, Polymyxin b, Streptomycin, Streptozocin, Tacrolimus, Tenofovir, Zenarestat
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Amyloidosis, Hypercalcaemia
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Hepatitis b, Ileus, Jaundice, Liver failure, Paralytic ileus, Recurrent hereditary polyserositis
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria, Proximal renal tubular acidosis, Sickle cell disease
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Hepatitis b, Malaria , Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic Cholestatic jaundice
Oncologic Angiomyolipoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Renal/Electrolyte Angiomyolipoma, Chronic interstitial nephritis, Chronic kidney disease, Chronic renal failure, Crescentic glomerulonephritis, Glomerulonephritis, Goodpasture's syndrome, Henoch-schönlein purpura, Hepatorenal syndrome, Hydronephrosis, Interstitial nephritis, Nephritic syndrome, Nephrolithiasis, Nephrotic syndrome, Papillary necrosis, Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, Proximal renal tubular acidosis, Pyelonephritis, Renal ischemia, Renal vein thrombosis, Renovascular disease, Systemic lupus erythematosus, True volume depletion  , Ureteric obstruction, Urethral stricture, Uric plasma levels raised, Uric serum levels raised, Urinary tract infection, Urine retention
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, Goodpasture's syndrome, Henoch-schönlein purpura, Polyarteritis nodosa, Recurrent hereditary polyserositis, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Scleroderma, Systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Burns, Shock, Trauma
Urologic Chronic interstitial nephritis, Hydronephrosis, Posterior urethral valve, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Ureteric obstruction, Urethral stricture, Uric plasma levels raised, Uric serum levels raised, Urinary tract infection, Urine retention
Miscellaneous Edema, Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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3

References

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