*Procedures such as carotid endarterectomy or carotid angioplasty can be used to remove significant atherosclerotic narrowing (stenosis) of the carotid artery
*Procedures such as carotid endarterectomy or carotid angioplasty can be used to remove significant atherosclerotic narrowing (stenosis) of the carotid artery
*Smoking cessation and decreased alcohal intake
*Smoking cessation and decreased alcohal intake
For more information about primary prevention of stroke, click here.
==2011 AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke<ref name=ASA/AHA-Primary-Prevention-Guid> 2011 AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/42/2/517 Accessed on November 17, 2016</ref>==
===Genetic Factors summary of recommendation===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
|colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightCoral"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class III]] (Harm)
|-
|bgcolor="LightCoral"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Genetic screening of the general population for prevention of a first stroke is not recommended ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LightCoral"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' Screening of patients at risk for myopathy in the setting of statin use is not recommended when considering initiation of [[statin]] therapy at this time''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LightCoral"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' Noninvasive screening for unruptured intracranial aneurysms in patients with >2 first-degree relatives with SAH or intracranial aneurysms might be reasonable ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LightCoral"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''4.'''Universal screening for intracranial aneurysms in carriers of mutations for Mendelian disorders associated with [[aneurysm]] is not recommended ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LightCoral"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''5.''' Dosing with [[vitamin K antagonists]] on the basis of [[pharmacogenetics]] is not recommended at this time''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|}
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIa]]
|-
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Obtaining a family history can be useful to help identify persons who may be at increased risk of stroke ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: A]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|}
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LemonChiffon"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class IIb]]
|-
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' Referral for genetic counseling may be considered for patients with rare genetic causes of stroke ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''2.''' Treatment for certain genetic conditions that pre- dispose to stroke (eg, Fabry disease and enzyme replacement therapy) might be reasonable but has not been shown to reduce risk of stroke, and its effectiveness is unknown ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''3.''' Noninvasive screening for unruptured intracranial aneurysms in patients with [[ADPKD]] and >1 relatives with ADPKD and [[SAH]] or intracranial aneurysm may be considered''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
|-
|bgcolor="LemonChiffon"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''4.''' Noninvasive screening for unruptured intracranial aneurysms in patients with cervical [[fibromuscular dysplasia]] may be considered''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
Primary prevention of ischemic stroke is mainly aimed at treatment and modifcation of risk factors which are directly associated with increased occurence of ischemic stroke. Effective measures for primary prevention of stroke include:[1][2][3][4]
Genetic testing and treatment for diseases with increased risk of ischemic stroke such as Fabry's disease
Life style modifications such as increased physical activity in obese or over weight patients to maintain healthy weight
Treatment of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia[5]
Treatment of atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant prophylaxis
Procedures such as carotid endarterectomy or carotid angioplasty can be used to remove significant atherosclerotic narrowing (stenosis) of the carotid artery
Smoking cessation and decreased alcohal intake
For more information about primary prevention of stroke, click here.