Diabetic nephropathy history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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* frequent [[hiccup]]s | * frequent [[hiccup]]s | ||
* generalized [[itching]] | * generalized [[itching]] <br> | ||
'''For full history and symptoms of [[chronic renal failure]], click [[Chronic renal failure history|here]]''' <br> | |||
'''For full history and symptoms of [[diabetes mellitus]], click [[Diabetes mellitus history|here]]''' | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:49, 1 December 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
Overview
History and Symptoms
Kidney failure provoked by glomerulosclerosis leads to fluid filtration deficits and other disorders of kidney function. There is an increase in blood pressure (hypertension) and of fluid retention in the body (oedema). Other complications may be arteriosclerosis of the renal artery and proteinuria (nephrotic syndrome).
Throughout its early course, diabetic nephropathy has no symptoms. They develop in late stages and may be a result of excretion of high amounts of protein in the urine or due to renal failure:[1]
- edema: swelling, usually around the eyes in the mornings; later, general body swelling may result, such as swelling of the legs
- foamy appearance or excessive frothing of the urine
- unintentional weight gain (from fluid accumulation)
- anorexia (poor appetite)
- nausea and vomiting
- malaise (general ill feeling)
- fatigue
- headache
- frequent hiccups
- generalized itching
For full history and symptoms of chronic renal failure, click here
For full history and symptoms of diabetes mellitus, click here
References
- ↑ Webster AC, Nagler EV, Morton RL, Masson P (2016). "Chronic Kidney Disease". Lancet. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32064-5. PMID 27887750.