Brucellosis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. | Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination findings usually reveal combination of several non-specific findings. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination usually reveal combination of several non-specific findings, which include:<ref name="aa">Madkour M. Madkour's Brucellosis. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.</ref><sup>[[Brucellosis history and symptoms|[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]]]</sup> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Examination findings | !Examination findings | ||
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Blood pressure- Normal | Blood pressure- Normal | ||
Respiratory rate-Normal/tachypnea(pneumonia) | Respiratory rate-Normal/tachypnea(pneumonia/lung involvement) | ||
[[Oxygen saturation]]- usually normal but some cases may have low oxygen saturation(lung involvement). | [[Oxygen saturation]]- usually normal but some cases may have low oxygen saturation(lung involvement). | ||
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|[[Skin]] | |[[Skin]] | ||
|Skin examination may reveal the following: | |Skin examination may reveal the following: | ||
Maculppapular rash | * Maculppapular rash | ||
* Erythema nodosum like eruptions and ulceration | |||
Erythema nodosum like eruptions and ulceration | * abscesses | ||
abscesses | |||
|- | |- | ||
|HEENT | |HEENT | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Neck | |Neck | ||
| | |Neck examination is usually normal but cervical [[lymphadenopathy]] may be present in few patients | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lungs]] | |[[Lungs]] | ||
| | |Brucellosis involving lung, may reveal multiple findings depending on the kind of involvement(it could be pneumonia, bronchitis, pleural effusion or empyema or combination of these). Based on the involvement, lung examination may reveal: | ||
*Increased [[tactile fremitus]] | *Increased [[tactile fremitus]] | ||
*Dullness on [[Percussion of the lungs|percussion]] | *Dullness on [[Percussion of the lungs|percussion]] | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|[[Heart]] | |[[Heart]] | ||
| | |Brucellosis involving heart may reveal murmurs on ascultation(endocarditis) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Abdomen]] | |[[Abdomen]] | ||
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|Meningial signs of irritation [[Nuchal rigidity]], [[Kernig's sign]], and [[Brudzinski's sign]] can be ilicited in cases with neurological involvement(meningitis or meningoencephalitis). | |Meningial signs of irritation [[Nuchal rigidity]], [[Kernig's sign]], and [[Brudzinski's sign]] can be ilicited in cases with neurological involvement(meningitis or meningoencephalitis). | ||
Signs of pheripheral and cranial nerve | Signs of neuropathies of individual pheripheral and cranial nerve can be ilicited | ||
|} | |} | ||
* | * | ||
Revision as of 18:41, 6 January 2017
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Brucellosis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Brucellosis physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Brucellosis physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Brucellosis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Danitza Lukac
Overview
Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination findings usually reveal combination of several non-specific findings.
Physical Examination
Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination usually reveal combination of several non-specific findings, which include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
| Examination findings | Brucellosis |
|---|---|
| Appearance of patient | Patients are usually well-appearing |
| Vital Signs | Pulse rate-Normal/Tachycardia with regular rhythm, normal volume
Temperature- Normal or elevated Blood pressure- Normal Respiratory rate-Normal/tachypnea(pneumonia/lung involvement) Oxygen saturation- usually normal but some cases may have low oxygen saturation(lung involvement). Blood glucose level- normal |
| Skin | Skin examination may reveal the following:
|
| HEENT | Eye examination is usually normal but signs of Uveitis may be elicit in few patients |
| Neck | Neck examination is usually normal but cervical lymphadenopathy may be present in few patients |
| Lungs | Brucellosis involving lung, may reveal multiple findings depending on the kind of involvement(it could be pneumonia, bronchitis, pleural effusion or empyema or combination of these). Based on the involvement, lung examination may reveal:
|
| Heart | Brucellosis involving heart may reveal murmurs on ascultation(endocarditis) |
| Abdomen | Abdominal examination may elicit:
|
| Back | Back examination is usually normal |
| Genitourinary | Genitourinary examination may reveal:
|
| Extremities |
|
| Neuromuscular | Meningial signs of irritation Nuchal rigidity, Kernig's sign, and Brudzinski's sign can be ilicited in cases with neurological involvement(meningitis or meningoencephalitis).
Signs of neuropathies of individual pheripheral and cranial nerve can be ilicited |
Reference
- ↑ Madkour M. Madkour's Brucellosis. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.