Brucellosis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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|Meningial signs of irritation [[Nuchal rigidity]], [[Kernig's sign]], and [[Brudzinski's sign]] can be ilicited in cases with neurological involvement(meningitis or meningoencephalitis). | |Meningial signs of irritation [[Nuchal rigidity]], [[Kernig's sign]], and [[Brudzinski's sign]] can be ilicited in cases with neurological involvement(meningitis or meningoencephalitis). | ||
Signs of neuropathies | Signs of neuropathies involving individual pheripheral nerve or cranial nerve can be ilicited | ||
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Revision as of 18:51, 6 January 2017
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Brucellosis Microchapters |
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Brucellosis physical examination On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Danitza Lukac
Overview
Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination findings usually reveal combination of several non-specific findings.
Physical Examination
Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing. Physical examination usually reveal combination of several non-specific findings, which include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
| Examination findings | Brucellosis |
|---|---|
| Appearance of patient | Patients are usually well-appearing |
| Vital Signs | Pulse rate-Normal/Tachycardia with regular rhythm, normal volume
Temperature- Normal or elevated Blood pressure- Normal Respiratory rate-Normal/tachypnea(pneumonia/lung involvement) Oxygen saturation- usually normal but some cases may have low oxygen saturation(lung involvement). Blood glucose level- normal |
| Skin | Skin examination may reveal the following:
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| HEENT | Eye examination is usually normal but signs of Uveitis may be elicit in few patients |
| Neck | Neck examination is usually normal but cervical lymphadenopathy may be present in few patients |
| Lungs | Brucellosis involving lung, may reveal multiple findings depending on the kind of involvement(it could be pneumonia, bronchitis, pleural effusion or empyema or combination of these). Based on the involvement, lung examination may reveal:
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| Heart | Brucellosis involving heart may reveal murmurs on ascultation(endocarditis) |
| Abdomen | Abdominal examination may elicit:
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| Back | Back examination is usually normal |
| Genitourinary | Genitourinary examination may reveal:
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| Extremities |
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| Neuromuscular | Meningial signs of irritation Nuchal rigidity, Kernig's sign, and Brudzinski's sign can be ilicited in cases with neurological involvement(meningitis or meningoencephalitis).
Signs of neuropathies involving individual pheripheral nerve or cranial nerve can be ilicited |
Reference
- ↑ Colmenero JD, Reguera JM, Martos F, et al. Complications associated with Brucella melitensis infection: a study of 530 cases. Medicine (Baltimore) 1996; 75:195.
- ↑ Mantur BG, Amarnath SK, Shinde RS. Review of clinical and laboratory features of human brucellosis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2007; 25:188.
- ↑ Pappas G, Akritidis N, Bosilkovski M, Tsianos E. Brucellosis. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:2325.
- ↑ Doganay M, Aygen B. Human brucellosis: An overview. Int J Infect Dis 2003; 7:173.
- ↑ Young EJ. Brucellosis: current epidemiology, diagnosis, and management. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis 1995; 15:115.
- ↑ Aygen B, Doganay M, Sumerkan B, et al. Clinical manifestations, complications and treatment of brucellosis: a retrospective evaluation of 480 patients. Med Malad Infect 2002; 32:485.
- ↑ Geyik MF, Gür A, Nas K, et al. Musculoskeletal involvement of brucellosis in different age groups: a study of 195 cases. Swiss Med Wkly 2002; 132:98.
- ↑ Mousa AM, Bahar RH, Araj GF, et al. Neurological complications of brucella spondylitis. Acta Neurol Scand 1990; 81:16.
- ↑ Pappas G, Bosilkovski M, Akritidis N, et al. Brucellosis and the respiratory system. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:e95.
- ↑ Herrick JA, Lederman RJ, Sullivan B, et al. Brucella arteritis: clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis. Lancet Infect Dis 2014; 14:520.