Septic arthritis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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Symptoms in newborns or infants: | Symptoms in newborns or infants: | ||
* Cries when infected joint is moved ( | * Cries when infected joint is moved (e.g. diaper change causes crying if hip joint is infected) | ||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
* Inability to move the limb with the infected joint (pseudoparalysis) | * Inability to move the limb with the infected joint (pseudoparalysis) | ||
Revision as of 16:04, 20 January 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Jumana Nagarwala, M.D., Senior Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [3]
Overview
Septic arthritis commonly present with joint common (knee> hip>shoulder>ankle) associate with fever, malaise and local joint symptoms such as swelling, erythema and decreased range of motion at the level of joint. In children, hip is commonly affected.
Symptoms
Common Symptoms
Symptoms usually come on quickly. There is a fever, and joint swelling that is usually in just one joint. There is also intense joint pain, which gets worse with movement.
Symptoms in newborns or infants:
- Cries when infected joint is moved (e.g. diaper change causes crying if hip joint is infected)
- Fever
- Inability to move the limb with the infected joint (pseudoparalysis)
- Irritability
Symptoms in children and adults:
- Inability to move the limb with the infected joint (pseudoparalysis)
- Intense joint pain
- Joint swelling
- Joint redness
- Low fever
- The tenosynovitis is characterized by pain, swelling, and erythema around the tendon.
Less Common Symptoms
Chills may occur especially in gonococcal arthritis, but are uncommon.
Microorganism Involved Based on The Clinical History and Symptoms
| Clinical history | Joints involved | Most likely microorganism |
|---|---|---|
| Intravenous drug use[1][2] | Involvement of axial joints
(e.g. sternoclavicular or sacroiliac joint) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staphylococcus aureus |
| Sexual activity | Tenosynovial involvement in hands, wrists, or ankles | Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| Terminal complement deficiency[1] | Tenosynovial involvement in hands, wrists, or ankles | Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| Dog or cat bite | Small joints involvement | Capnocytophaga species
Pasteurella multocida |
| Ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products[1] | Monoarticular involvement, in specific sacroiliac joint | Brucella species |
| Nail through shoe | Foot | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| Soil exposure/gardening | Monoarticular involvement: knee, hand, or wrist | Nocardia species
Sporothrix schenckii |
| Soil or dust exposure containing decomposed wood
(north-central and southern United States)[3] |
Monoarticular: knee, ankle, or elbow | Blastomyces dermatitidis |
| Southwestern United States, Central and South America
(primary respiratory illness) |
Knee | Coccidioides immitis |
| Cleaning fish tank[1][4] | Small joints involvement (e.g. fingers, wrists) | Mycobacterium marinum |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Margaretten ME, Kohlwes J, Moore D, Bent S (2007) Does this adult patient have septic arthritis? JAMA 297 (13):1478-88. DOI:10.1001/jama.297.13.1478 PMID: 17405973
- ↑ Deesomchok U, Tumrasvin T (1990) Clinical study of culture-proven cases of non-gonococcal arthritis. J Med Assoc Thai 73 (11):615-23. PMID: 2283490
- ↑ Horowitz DL, Katzap E, Horowitz S, Barilla-LaBarca ML (2011). "Approach to septic arthritis". Am Fam Physician. 84 (6): 653–60. PMID 21916390.
- ↑ Gardam M, Lim S (2005). "Mycobacterial osteomyelitis and arthritis". Infect Dis Clin North Am. 19 (4): 819–30. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2005.07.008. PMID 16297734.